PSEN1 (presenilin 1)

symbol:
PSEN1
locus group:
protein-coding gene
location:
14q24.2
gene_family:
alias symbol:
FAD|S182|PS1|PS-1|PSNL1
alias name:
familial Alzheimer Disease
entrez id:
5663
ensembl gene id:
ENSG00000080815
ucsc gene id:
uc001xnr.4
refseq accession:
NM_000021
hgnc_id:
HGNC:9508
approved reserved:
1992-11-05
14q24.2

PSEN1(Presenilin 1)是γ-分泌酶复合体的核心组成部分,属于Presenilin基因家族(包括PSEN1和PSEN2)。该家族成员均为跨膜蛋白,主要参与Notch信号通路和淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)的切割过程,在细胞凋亡、突触功能及细胞内钙平衡中起关键作用。PSEN1的主要作用位点是细胞的内质网和高尔基体膜,通过γ-分泌酶活性切割APP生成β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ),尤其是毒性较强的Aβ42。突变会显著影响其功能,目前已发现200多种致病突变,多数与早发性家族性阿尔茨海默病(FAD)相关。这些突变导致Aβ42/Aβ40比例升高,促进淀粉样斑块沉积,引发神经元损伤和认知衰退。此外,PSEN1突变还可能影响Notch信号传导,导致发育异常。过表达PSEN1会加剧Aβ生成和神经毒性,而表达降低则可能影响Notch依赖的细胞分化,例如导致皮肤肿瘤或血管发育缺陷。PSEN1还与tau蛋白磷酸化、线粒体功能障碍和突触可塑性受损相关,这些机制共同推动了神经退行性病变。该基因家族共性包括:1)均为多跨膜蛋白;2)依赖天冬氨酸蛋白酶活性发挥功能;3)参与膜蛋白的调控性切割。除阿尔茨海默病外,PSEN1变异还与额颞叶痴呆、扩张型心肌病等疾病有关。研究还发现,PSEN1表达变化可能影响其他γ-分泌酶底物(如CD44、E-cadherin)的加工,进而干扰细胞黏附和迁移。

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or in the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene, the full-length nature of only some have been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)患者在早老蛋白的疾病进位的突变的遗传形式(PSEN1; PSEN2)或淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)。这些疾病相关的突变导致生产淀粉样蛋白-β(公元大脑中淀粉样蛋白沉积的主要成分)的较长形式的增加。早老被假定通过其对γ-分泌酶的作用来调节APP处理,酶劈开APP。此外,可以认为,在早老参与Notch受体的裂解,使得它们可以直接调节γ-分泌酶活性或本身是蛋白酶。编码不同同种型的几个可变剪接转录物变体已被发现此基因,只有部分全长性质已经确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年8月提供]

PSEN1基因的碱基序列:[NCBI]
Loading Gene Browser...
PSEN1基因的碱基突变:           仅显示部分snp
rs7523       rs165931       rs165932       rs165933       rs165934       rs165935       rs177412       rs177413       rs177414       rs177415       rs177416       rs177417       rs177418       rs214260       rs214261       rs214262       rs214263      

PSEN1基因在不同组织中的表达:    [UniProt]

基因在不同组织中的表达图
正向引物序列
正向Tm值
反向引物序列
反向Tm值
评分
CCACCTGAGCAATACTAATGAC
59
TTAGATAATGGCTCAGGGTGG
59
CGTAGCCAGAATGACAATAGAG
59
TCCATTAGATAATGGCTCAGGG
60
ATGGGCAGCTAATCTATACCC
59
CAGCATTCAGAATTGAGTGCA
60
AACCACAAGACCTAATCTGGG
60
TGGAAGTAGGACAACGGTG
59
CCACCTGAGCAATACTAATGAC
59
TTAGATAATGGCTCAGGGTGG
59
GTATAATGCAGAAAGAGCCTGTC
60
CACCCTTTGGCATGAACAG
59
CGTAGCCAGAATGACAATAGAG
59
TCCATTAGATAATGGCTCAGGG
60
CCACCTGAGCAATACTAATGAC
59
TTAGATAATGGCTCAGGGTGG
59
TGAATATGGCAGAAGGAGACC
60
CCCTTTCTGTGCTTTCTGC
60
TGAATATGGCAGAAGGAGACC
60
CCCTTTCTGTGCTTTCTGC
60
转录因子
影响基因
影响类型
参考文献链接(PubMed)
CREB1
PSEN1
Activation
ELK1
PSEN1
Activation
SP1
PSEN1
Unknown

PSEN1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:

[UniProt]     [GenomeNet]

" d="M482.414,245.296c3.539,4.293,4.455,10.009,0.202,11 c-4.244,0.996-4.983-10.983-8.293-8.438c-5.271,4.08,9.834,12.271,5.144,17.287c-3.717,3.607-6.172-5.75-10.839-1.976 c-4.673,3.776,6.781,7.299,2.831,11.326c-4.354,4.045-6.979-1.449-9.837-5.517c-1.193-1.742-2.059-3.851-3.595-2.748 c-1.516,1.078-1.854,1.795-0.938,3.666c2.374,4.854,9.235,10.119,5.156,12.535c-5.636,3.346-5.044-8.871-9.426-7.574 c-4.388,1.291,2.557,10.66-1.245,11.141c-4.089,0.545-3.483-10.239-6.979-8.575c-2.522,1.206-0.929,3.071-0.938,4.899 c0.004,1.32-0.964,3.6-2.372,4.062c-3.593,1.171-8.544-1.065-10.251-3.59c-6.04-8.93,0.396-15.997,4.639-7.015 c3.023,4.642,5.182,0.834,2.839-2.219c-1.032-1.354-4.309-5.901-0.781-7.252c2.904-1.113,4.271,1.941,5.985,4.592 c2.61,4.016,5.485,0.117,3.031-3.414c-1.828-2.633-2.74-3.803,3.156-7.42c6.405-4.369,6.52,3.869,10.077,0.646 c2.309-1.832-4.783-5.149,0.06-8.995c2.896-2.293,5.18,6.207,7.961,3.516c3.523-2.737-7.717-7.369,0.117-11.736 C473.413,240.77,480.519,242.891,482.414,245.296z"/> Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
  • 质膜
  • 细胞质
  • 细胞外
  • 高尔基体
  • 囊泡
  • 细胞骨架
  • 内质网
  • 细胞核
  • 内体
  • 溶酶体
  • 线粒体

PSEN1基因的本体(GO)信息:

GO库代码
对应的蛋白质
来源代码
GO:0007219
E7ES96 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
E7ES96 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
E7ES96 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V2B1 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V2B1 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V2G7 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V2G7 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V3P0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V3P0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V3Z0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V3Z0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V449 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V449 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V499 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V499 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V4M0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V4M0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V4P4 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V4P4 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
G3V519 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V519 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
G3V5B1 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016485
H0YM52 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
H0YM52 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0000045
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0000122
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0000186
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001568
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001708
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001756
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001764
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001921
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0001947
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0002244
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0002286
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0003407
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006486
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006509
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0006839
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006974
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006979
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0007175
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0007219
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0007220
P49768 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0007613
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0009791
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0015031
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0015813
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0015871
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016080
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0016337
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0016485
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0021795
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0021870
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0021904
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0030326
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0032436
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0032469
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IGI
GO:0032469
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0034205
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0035556
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0042325
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0042987
P49768 (UniProtKB)
TAS
GO:0043011
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043065
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043066
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0043085
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0043393
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043406
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043524
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0043589
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0045893
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0048167
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0048538
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0048666
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0048705
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0048854
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0050673
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0050771
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0050820
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0050852
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0051402
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0051444
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0051563
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IBA
GO:0051966
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0060070
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IBA
GO:0060075
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0060999
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0070588
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:2000059
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:2001234
P49768 (UniProtKB)
IEA

可能调控 PSEN1基因的相关microRNA:     

Reactome

MINT

BioGrid

IntAct

mentha

String

基因与其他基因之间的相互作用关系图
序号 作用方式 资源库来源/分值 基因名称 基因名称
疾病名称 关系值 NofPmids NofSnps 来源
疾病名称 关系值 NofPmids NofSnps 来源
Alzheimer's Disease 0.388772838 197 12 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_MGD
Frontotemporal dementia 0.369077134 17 6 BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_UNIPROT
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 1u 0.36 1 1 CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT
Alzheimer disease, familial, type 3 0.320271442 30 31 BeFree_CLINVAR_MGD_UNIPROT
Pick Disease of the Brain 0.247610304 19 7 BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_LHGDN
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated 0.240814326 3 1 BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human
Alzheimer Disease, Familial, 3, with Spastic Paraparesis and Apraxia 0.24 0 2 CLINVAR_CTD_human
Neurodegenerative Disorders 0.124810009 11 1 BeFree_CTD_human_GAD
Amyloidosis 0.121085767 5 1 BeFree_CTD_human
Heart failure 0.120271442 1 1 BeFree_CLINVAR

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