PLA2G4A (phospholipase A2 group IVA)
- symbol:
- PLA2G4A
- locus group:
- protein-coding gene
- location:
- 1q31.1
- gene_family:
- Phospholipases|C2 domain containing phospholipases
- alias symbol:
- cPLA2-alpha
- alias name:
- None
- entrez id:
- 5321
- ensembl gene id:
- ENSG00000116711
- ucsc gene id:
- uc001gsc.4
- refseq accession:
- NM_024420
- hgnc_id:
- HGNC:9035
- approved reserved:
- 1994-11-30
PLA2G4A基因编码胞质磷脂酶A2α（cPLA2α），属于磷脂酶A2（PLA2）基因家族。该家族的主要功能是水解甘油磷脂的sn-2位酯键，释放游离脂肪酸（如花生四烯酸）和溶血磷脂，这些产物是类二十烷酸和血小板活化因子等生物活性分子的前体。PLA2G4A在炎症反应、信号传导和膜重塑等过程中发挥关键作用。cPLA2α具有钙依赖性，主要定位于细胞质膜、高尔基体和核膜等部位，在受到炎症刺激（如细胞因子或生长因子）时被激活。PLA2G4A的突变可能导致酶活性异常，与多种疾病相关，包括哮喘、动脉粥样硬化、神经退行性疾病和癌症。例如，PLA2G4A的过度激活会增加花生四烯酸的释放，促进前列腺素和白三烯等促炎介质的产生，加剧炎症反应。相反，PLA2G4A表达降低或功能缺失可能导致类二十烷酸合成减少，影响正常的生理过程如生育能力（小鼠模型中cPLA2α缺失导致雌性不育）。PLA2G4A的过表达还与某些肿瘤的进展和转移相关，可能通过促进细胞增殖和存活信号通路。该基因属于PLA2超家族，该家族成员均含有保守的催化位点，但根据结构、定位和钙需求分为多种亚型，包括分泌型（sPLA2）、胞质型（cPLA2）和钙非依赖性型（iPLA2）。PLA2家族成员在炎症、宿主防御和代谢调节中具有广泛但各异的功能。
This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码的胞质磷脂酶A2组第??IV族的一个成员。酶催化膜磷脂的水解以释放花生四烯酸，随后代谢成花生酸类。花生酸类，包括前列腺素和白三烯，是调节血流动力学基于脂质的细胞激素，炎症反应，和其它细胞内通路。水解反应也产生了被转换成血小板活化因子溶血磷脂。酶是由增加的细胞内钙激活（2+）水平和磷酸化，导致从细胞质和细胞核的核周囊泡其易位。 [由RefSeq的，2008年7月提供]
基因本体信息
PLA2G4A基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：
- 质膜
- 细胞质
- 细胞外
- 高尔基体
- 囊泡
- 细胞骨架
- 内质网
- 细胞核
- 内体
- 溶酶体
- 线粒体
PLA2G4A基因的本体（GO）信息：
| 名称 |
|---|
| 564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00564] |
| 565 Ether lipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00565] |
| 590 Arachidonic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00590] |
| 591 Linoleic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00591] |
| 592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00592] |
| 4014 Ras signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04014] |
| 4010 MAPK signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04010] |
| 4370 VEGF signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04370] |
| 4611 Platelet activation [PATH:hsa04611] |
| 4664 Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04664] |
| 4666 Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis [PATH:hsa04666] |
| 4912 GnRH signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04912] |
| 4913 Ovarian Steroidogenesis [PATH:hsa04913] |
| 4921 Oxytocin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04921] |
| 4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
| 4724 Glutamatergic synapse [PATH:hsa04724] |
| 4726 Serotonergic synapse [PATH:hsa04726] |
| 4730 Long-term depression [PATH:hsa04730] |
| 4750 Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels [PATH:hsa04750] |
| 5231 Choline metabolism in cancer [PATH:hsa05231] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Acyl chain remodeling of CL |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PC |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PE |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PG |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PI |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PS |
| ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 |
| Arachidonic acid metabolism |
| Ca-dependent events |
| G-protein mediated events |
| Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis |
| Hemostasis |
| Hydrolysis of LPC |
| Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
| Opioid Signalling |
| phospho-PLA2 pathway |
| Phospholipid metabolism |
| Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| Platelet homeostasis |
| Platelet sensitization by LDL |
| PLC beta mediated events |
| Signal amplification |
| Signaling by GPCR |
| Synthesis of PA |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Duodenal Ulcer | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Mammary Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Autistic Disorder | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Dermatitis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Blood Platelet Disorders | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Asthma | 0.08554839 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_RGD |
| Inflammation | 0.084734064 | 3 | 0 | GAD_RGD |
联系方式
山东省济南市章丘区文博路2号 齐鲁师范学院 genelibs生信实验室
山东省济南市高新区舜华路750号大学科技园北区F座4单元2楼
电话： 0531-88819269
E-mail: product@genelibs.com
微信公众号
关注微信订阅号，实时查看信息，关注医学生物学动态。
版权所有 © 2025.Genelibs 济南弘晖生物技术有限公司 鲁ICP备13024435号-2
