PLA2G3 (phospholipase A2 group III)
- symbol:
- PLA2G3
- locus group:
- protein-coding gene
- location:
- 22q12.2
- gene_family:
- Phospholipases
- alias symbol:
- GIII-SPLA2
- alias name:
- None
- entrez id:
- 50487
- ensembl gene id:
- ENSG00000100078
- ucsc gene id:
- uc003aka.4
- refseq accession:
- NM_015715
- hgnc_id:
- HGNC:17934
- approved reserved:
- 2002-04-29
PLA2G3（磷脂酶A2第III组）属于分泌型磷脂酶A2（sPLA2）基因家族，该家族成员编码的酶能水解磷脂的sn-2位酯键，释放游离脂肪酸（如花生四烯酸）和溶血磷脂，这些产物是炎症介质的前体。PLA2G3主要在皮肤、睾丸和免疫系统中表达，其表达产物具有促炎和抗菌活性。该酶通过降解细菌膜磷脂参与先天免疫防御，同时在过敏反应和炎症性疾病（如哮喘和银屑病）中发挥作用。PLA2G3的突变可能导致酶活性改变，影响其水解磷脂的能力，从而干扰炎症反应和免疫防御功能。PLA2G3过表达可能加剧炎症性疾病，因为过多的酶活性会增加促炎介质的产生；而降低表达可能削弱抗菌防御，增加感染风险。PLA2G3与sPLA2家族其他成员（如PLA2G2A和PLA2G5）共享催化机制，但各成员的组织分布和底物偏好不同。该基因家族在脂质代谢、信号传导和宿主防御中具有重要作用。研究表明，PLA2G3可能通过调节角质形成细胞的脂质代谢参与皮肤屏障功能的维持，其异常表达可能与某些皮肤疾病相关。此外，PLA2G3还可能通过影响前列腺素和白三烯等类二十烷酸的生成，参与过敏反应的调控。
This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the secreted phospholipase A2 family, whose members include the bee venom enzyme. The encoded enzyme functions in lipid metabolism and catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the sn-2 acyl bond of phospholipids to release arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids. This enzyme acts as a negative regulator of ciliogenesis, and may play a role in cancer development by stimulating tumor cell growth and angiogenesis. This gene is associated with oxidative stress, and polymorphisms in this gene are linked to risk for Alzheimer's disease. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
这个基因编码属于分泌型磷脂酶A2家族，其成员包括蜂毒酶的蛋白质。脂质代谢的编码酶的功能和催化磷脂释放花生四烯酸和溶血磷脂的sn-2酰基键的钙依赖性水解。这种酶充当ciliogenesis的负调节，并可能通过刺激肿瘤细胞生长和血管生成在癌症发展中的作用。该基因与氧化应激有关，并且在该基因多态性链接到阿尔茨海默氏病的风险。 [由RefSeq的，2014年4月提供]
基因本体信息
PLA2G3基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：
- 质膜
- 细胞质
- 细胞外
- 高尔基体
- 囊泡
- 细胞骨架
- 内质网
- 细胞核
- 内体
- 溶酶体
- 线粒体
PLA2G3基因的本体（GO）信息：
| 名称 |
|---|
| 564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00564] |
| 565 Ether lipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00565] |
| 590 Arachidonic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00590] |
| 591 Linoleic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00591] |
| 592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00592] |
| 4014 Ras signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04014] |
| 4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
| 4972 Pancreatic secretion [PATH:hsa04972] |
| 4975 Fat digestion and absorption [PATH:hsa04975] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Acyl chain remodelling of PC |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PE |
| Acyl chain remodelling of PG |
| Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis |
| Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
| Phospholipid metabolism |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Intracranial Hemorrhages | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| HIV Infections | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colon Carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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