PLA2G2A(磷脂酶A2组IIA)属于磷脂酶A2(PLA2)基因家族,该家族成员编码的酶能水解甘油磷脂的sn-2位酯键,释放游离脂肪酸(如花生四烯酸)和溶血磷脂,这些产物是炎症介质(如前列腺素、白三烯)的前体。PLA2G2A主要在胰腺、肠道、脾脏和生殖系统中表达,其编码的分泌型磷脂酶IIA(sPLA2-IIA)具有抗菌和促炎作用,能破坏细菌细胞膜,参与先天免疫防御。该基因的突变可能导致酶活性改变,如功能丧失突变可能削弱抗菌能力,增加感染风险,而某些突变(如R100H)与克罗恩病等炎症性肠病易感性相关。PLA2G2A过表达会增强炎症反应,可能促进动脉粥样硬化、类风湿性关节炎等疾病发展;而低表达可能降低炎症但增加细菌感染风险。在癌症中,其作用具有组织特异性,例如在胃癌中可能作为抑癌基因,而在前列腺癌中可能促进转移。PLA2基因家族的共性包括依赖钙离子催化、参与脂质代谢和炎症调控。PLA2G2A还与心血管疾病相关,其水平在动脉粥样硬化斑块中升高,可能通过促进低密度脂蛋白氧化加剧病变。此外,该基因多态性(如rs11573156)可能影响个体对炎症性疾病的易感性。
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the phospholipase A2 family (PLA2). PLA2s constitute a diverse family of enzymes with respect to sequence, function, localization, and divalent cation requirements. This gene product belongs to group II, which contains secreted form of PLA2, an extracellular enzyme that has a low molecular mass and requires calcium ions for catalysis. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 fatty acid acyl ester bond of phosphoglycerides, releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, and thought to participate in the regulation of the phospholipid metabolism in biomembranes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants with different 5' UTRs have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]
由该基因编码的蛋白是磷脂酶A2家族(PLA 2)的成员。 PLA2s构成酶的不同家庭对于序列,功能,定位,和二价阳离子的要求。该基因产物属于第二组,其中含有PLA2,具有低分子量,并且需要钙离子为催化细胞外酶的分泌形式。它催化磷酸甘油酯的sn-2脂肪酸酰基酯键的水解,释放出游离脂肪酸和溶血磷脂,并认为参与生物膜磷脂代谢的调节。用不同的5‘非编码区的几个可变剪接转录变异体也发现了这种基因。[由RefSeq的,2009年09月提供]
PLA2G2A基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PLA2G2A基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00564] |
565 Ether lipid metabolism [PATH:hsa00565] |
590 Arachidonic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00590] |
591 Linoleic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00591] |
592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00592] |
4014 Ras signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04014] |
4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
4972 Pancreatic secretion [PATH:hsa04972] |
4975 Fat digestion and absorption [PATH:hsa04975] |
名称 |
---|
Acyl chain remodelling of PC |
Acyl chain remodelling of PE |
Acyl chain remodelling of PG |
Acyl chain remodelling of PI |
Acyl chain remodelling of PS |
Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis |
Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
Phospholipid metabolism |
Synthesis of PA |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Atherosclerosis | 0.126524536 | 16 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.120542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Reperfusion Injury | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Endometriosis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Myocardial Ischemia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Adrenal gland hypofunction | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Acute Lung Injury | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Coronary Artery Disease | 0.009434452 | 16 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.007077352 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.006091273 | 6 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
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