PAK2(p21-activated kinase 2)属于PAK蛋白激酶家族,该家族成员在细胞信号传导中发挥关键作用,主要调控细胞骨架重组、细胞迁移、增殖和存活等过程。PAK家族分为两组:I组(PAK1-3)和II组(PAK4-6),PAK2属于I组,其活性受小GTP酶Rac和Cdc42调控。PAK2通过磷酸化下游靶蛋白(如LIMK、MEK和BAD)参与多种信号通路,影响细胞形态、运动和凋亡。PAK2在多种组织中广泛表达,尤其在脑、心脏和免疫细胞中活性较高。PAK2的突变或异常表达与多种疾病相关,例如其过度激活可能促进肿瘤发生,与乳腺癌、胶质瘤等癌症的发展有关;而PAK2缺失或功能降低可能导致细胞凋亡异常,影响免疫系统功能。研究发现,PAK2的剪切活化在细胞凋亡过程中起重要作用,其被caspase-3剪切后产生的活性片段能促进凋亡小体形成。此外,PAK2还参与神经发育和突触可塑性,其功能异常可能与神经退行性疾病有关。在炎症反应中,PAK2通过调节NF-κB等通路影响免疫细胞的活化和细胞因子释放。PAK家族成员的共性是依赖Rac/Cdc42激活,并通过磷酸化底物调控细胞动力学和生存信号。PAK2的过表达可能增强细胞迁移和侵袭能力,促进肿瘤转移,而敲低PAK2可能导致细胞运动缺陷或凋亡抵抗。由于PAK2在多种病理过程中的重要作用,它已成为潜在的药物靶点,针对其活性的抑制剂正在研究中,可能为癌症和炎症性疾病治疗提供新策略。
The p21 activated kinases (PAK) are critical effectors that link Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling. The PAK proteins are a family of serine/threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins, CDC42 and RAC1, and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. The protein encoded by this gene is activated by proteolytic cleavage during caspase-mediated apoptosis, and may play a role in regulating the apoptotic events in the dying cell. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
P21的活化蛋白激酶(PAK)是链接的Rho GTP酶细胞骨架重组及核信号的关键效应。朴蛋白质丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶家族,其作为目标的小GTP结合蛋白,CDC42和RAC1,并在广泛的生物活性已经牵涉。由该基因编码的蛋白质被蛋白水解切割胱天蛋白酶介导的凋亡过程中被激活,并且在调节了死的细胞凋亡事件可能发挥作用。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
PAK2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PAK2基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4014 Ras signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04014] |
| 4010 MAPK signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04010] |
| 4012 ErbB signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04012] |
| 4810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton [PATH:hsa04810] |
| 4510 Focal adhesion [PATH:hsa04510] |
| 4660 T cell receptor signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04660] |
| 4360 Axon guidance [PATH:hsa04360] |
| 5211 Renal cell carcinoma [PATH:hsa05211] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Activation of Rac |
| Adaptive Immune System |
| Apoptosis |
| Apoptotic execution phase |
| Axon guidance |
| C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) |
| CD209 (DC-SIGN) signaling |
| CD28 co-stimulation |
| CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway |
| Costimulation by the CD28 family |
| Developmental Biology |
| Disease |
| EPH-Ephrin signaling |
| Ephrin signaling |
| Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling |
| FCERI mediated MAPK activation |
| Generation of second messenger molecules |
| HIV Infection |
| Host Interactions of HIV factors |
| Immune System |
| Infectious disease |
| Innate Immune System |
| Nef and signal transduction |
| Programmed Cell Death |
| Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation |
| Regulation of Apoptosis |
| Regulation of PAK-2p34 activity by PS-GAP/RHG10 |
| RHO GTPase Effectors |
| RHO GTPases activate PAKs |
| Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion |
| Semaphorin interactions |
| Signaling by Rho GTPases |
| Signaling by Robo receptor |
| Signaling by VEGF |
| Stimulation of the cell death response by PAK-2p34 |
| TCR signaling |
| The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis |
| VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway |
| VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Schizophrenia | 0.122638474 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
| Proteinuria | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Ureteral obstruction | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| HIV Infections | 0.003724241 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Mammary Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Liver diseases | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Alzheimer's Disease | 0.002367032 | 1 | 1 | GAD |
| Giant Cell Arteritis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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