OXT基因编码催产素(oxytocin),这是一种由下丘脑合成并通过垂体后叶释放的神经肽激素。催产素在多种生理过程中发挥关键作用,包括促进子宫收缩(分娩时)和乳汁分泌(哺乳期),同时在社交行为、情绪调节、信任和母婴 bonding 中起重要作用。催产素通过与催产素受体(OXTR)结合发挥作用,主要作用位点包括子宫平滑肌、乳腺、大脑边缘系统(如杏仁核)等。OXT基因突变可能导致催产素功能异常,与自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)、产后抑郁、精神分裂症等神经精神疾病相关,还可能影响分娩时的子宫收缩能力。若OXT过表达,可能增强社交行为、减少焦虑,但过度激活可能导致子宫过度收缩(早产风险);而表达降低则可能导致社交障碍、哺乳困难或分娩延迟。OXT属于神经垂体激素基因家族,该家族还包括加压素(AVP)基因,两者结构相似(均含9个氨基酸的核心序列),均由下丘脑神经元产生并通过神经垂体释放,但功能不同(AVP主要调节水分平衡和血压)。催产素还与其他基因如OXTR(其受体)、CD38(调节释放)存在相互作用,并影响多巴胺、血清素等神经递质系统。
This gene encodes a precursor protein that is processed to produce oxytocin and neurophysin I. Oxytocin is a posterior pituitary hormone which is synthesized as an inactive precursor in the hypothalamus along with its carrier protein neurophysin I. Together with neurophysin, it is packaged into neurosecretory vesicles and transported axonally to the nerve endings in the neurohypophysis, where it is either stored or secreted into the bloodstream. The precursor seems to be activated while it is being transported along the axon to the posterior pituitary. This hormone contracts smooth muscle during parturition and lactation. It is also involved in cognition, tolerance, adaptation and complex sexual and maternal behaviour, as well as in the regulation of water excretion and cardiovascular functions. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2013]
这个基因编码被处理以产生催产素和neurophysin一催产素是被合成为在其载体蛋白neurophysin I.与neurophysin一起沿丘脑无效前体的垂体后叶激素的前体蛋白,它是打包成神经分泌囊泡和轴突运送到神经垂体神经末梢,在那里它被存储的或分泌到血液中。该前体似乎同时被沿轴突向垂体后输送到被激活。这种激素分娩和哺乳期间收缩平滑肌。它还参与认知,宽容,适应和复杂性和产妇的行为,以及在水的排泄和心血管功能的调节。 [由RefSeq的,2013年12月提供]
OXT基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
OXT基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4080 Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction [PATH:hsa04080] |
| 4921 Oxytocin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04921] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) |
| G alpha (q) signalling events |
| Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK |
| GPCR downstream signaling |
| GPCR ligand binding |
| Peptide ligand-binding receptors |
| Signaling by GPCR |
| Vasopressin-like receptors |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.200542884 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
| Pain | 0.2 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
| Autistic Disorder | 0.136068609 | 29 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Anxiety Disorders | 0.121628651 | 7 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Spasm | 0.12 | 4 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Hyperactive behavior | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Headache | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Weight Gain | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Comatose | 0.12 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
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