NUDT1(也称为MTH1)是一种重要的核苷酸修复酶,属于NUDIX水解酶家族。它的主要功能是清除细胞内的氧化损伤核苷酸,如8-氧代-脱氧鸟苷三磷酸(8-oxo-dGTP)和8-氧代-鸟苷三磷酸(8-oxo-GTP),防止这些受损核苷酸被错误地掺入DNA或RNA中,从而维持基因组的稳定性。NUDT1通过水解这些氧化核苷酸的三磷酸形式,将其转化为单磷酸形式,阻止它们参与核酸合成。NUDT1在多种组织中广泛表达,尤其在代谢活跃的组织如肝脏、肾脏和大脑中表达较高。NUDT1的突变或功能缺失可能导致氧化损伤核苷酸的积累,增加DNA突变风险,与癌症、神经退行性疾病(如帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病)以及衰老过程相关。研究表明,NUDT1的过表达可以增强细胞对氧化应激的抵抗能力,减少DNA损伤和突变,可能具有抗癌潜力;而降低表达则会导致基因组不稳定性增加,促进肿瘤发生。NUDT1属于NUDIX水解酶家族,该家族成员具有保守的NUDIX结构域,能够水解多种核苷酸衍生物,参与核苷酸代谢、信号转导和抗氧化防御等过程。NUDIX家族酶的共性包括依赖镁离子的水解活性以及对特定核苷酸底物的选择性。NUDT1作为该家族的重要成员,其功能研究为理解氧化应激相关疾病的机制提供了重要线索,并可能成为癌症治疗的潜在靶点。
Misincorporation of oxidized nucleoside triphosphates into DNA/RNA during replication and transcription can cause mutations that may result in carcinogenesis or neurodegeneration. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates, such as 8-oxo-dGTP, 8-oxo-dATP, 2-hydroxy-dATP, and 2-hydroxy rATP, to monophosphates, thereby preventing misincorporation. The encoded protein is localized mainly in the cytoplasm, with some in the mitochondria, suggesting that it is involved in the sanitization of nucleotide pools both for nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which encode distinct isoforms, have been identified. Additional variants have been observed, but their full-length natures have not been determined. A single-nucleotide polymorphism that results in the production of an additional, longer isoform (p26) has been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
复制和转录期间被氧化的三磷酸核苷成的DNA / RNA的错误掺入可引起,可能会导致癌发生或神经变性突变。由该基因编码的蛋白是水解氧化嘌呤核苷三磷酸,如8-氧代-dGTP等,8-氧的dATP,2-羟基的dATP,和2-羟基RATP,到单磷酸,从而防止错误掺入的酶。所编码的蛋白质主要定位在细胞质中,与一些在线粒体,这表明它是参与两个核和线粒体基因组核苷酸池的卫生处理。几个可变剪接转录物变体,其中一些编码不同同种型,也已确定。另外的变体已被观察到的,但它们的全长性质尚未确定。单核苷酸多态性,其导致生产一个额外的,较长的同种型(P26)的已被描述。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
NUDT1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
NUDT1基因的本体(GO)信息:
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Cadmium poisoning | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Hypertensive disease | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.012649486 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent | 0.005362824 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli | 0.005276948 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Small cell carcinoma of lung | 0.002995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Parkinson Disease | 0.002638474 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
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