神经肽Y(Neuropeptide Y,NPY)是一种广泛分布于中枢和外周神经系统的神经递质,属于胰多肽家族(PP-fold family)的成员。该家族还包括胰多肽(PP)和肽YY(PYY),它们的共同特点是具有高度保守的PP折叠结构,能够通过G蛋白偶联受体(如Y1、Y2、Y4、Y5和Y6)发挥作用。NPY在多种生理过程中扮演重要角色,包括调节食欲、能量代谢、情绪、心血管功能和应激反应。它在下丘脑中高度表达,通过激活Y1和Y5受体促进食物摄入,因此在肥胖研究中备受关注。此外,NPY还具有抗焦虑和抗抑郁的作用,并能通过调节交感神经系统影响血压和心率。NPY的突变或表达异常与多种疾病相关,如肥胖、代谢综合征、焦虑症、抑郁症和心血管疾病。NPY过表达会导致食欲亢进、体重增加和胰岛素抵抗,而降低表达则可能引起焦虑样行为、代谢率增加和摄食减少。NPY还能影响其他基因的表达,例如抑制促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)的释放,从而调节应激反应。在神经退行性疾病中,NPY的神经保护作用也受到研究,它可能通过减少兴奋性毒性和炎症反应来延缓神经元损伤。总之,NPY是一个多功能的神经肽,其表达水平的异常会对代谢、情绪和心血管健康产生广泛影响。
This gene encodes a neuropeptide that is widely expressed in the central nervous system and influences many physiological processes, including cortical excitability, stress response, food intake, circadian rhythms, and cardiovascular function. The neuropeptide functions through G protein-coupled receptors to inhibit adenylyl cyclase, activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), regulate intracellular calcium levels, and activate potassium channels. A polymorphism in this gene resulting in a change of leucine 7 to proline in the signal peptide is associated with elevated cholesterol levels, higher alcohol consumption, and may be a risk factor for various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The protein also exhibits antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]
这个基因编码是在中枢神经系统和影响许多生理过程中广泛表达的神经肽,包括皮质兴奋性,应激反应,食物摄入量,昼夜节律和心血管功能。通过G蛋白偶联型受体的神经肽的功能以抑制腺苷酸环化酶,激活促分裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK),调节细胞内钙水平,并激活钾通道。在该基因导致亮氨酸7至脯氨酸在信号肽的变化的多态性与胆固醇水平升高,高级醇消耗量相关联,并且可以是用于各种代谢和心血管疾病的危险因素。该蛋白也显示出对细菌和真菌的抗微生物活性。 [由RefSeq的,2014年10月提供]
NPY基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
NPY基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4024 cAMP signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04024] |
4080 Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction [PATH:hsa04080] |
4920 Adipocytokine signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04920] |
5034 Alcoholism [PATH:hsa05034] |
名称 |
---|
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) |
G alpha (i) signalling events |
GPCR downstream signaling |
GPCR ligand binding |
Peptide ligand-binding receptors |
Signaling by GPCR |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic | 0.219088146 | 20 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_RGD |
Depressive disorder | 0.203528744 | 16 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
Seizures | 0.202714419 | 14 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
Anorexia | 0.201628651 | 10 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
Alzheimer's Disease | 0.200271442 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
Cerebral Infarction | 0.2 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
Cardiovascular Diseases | 0.128815624 | 8 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Anxiety Disorders | 0.126786047 | 26 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Cocaine-Related Disorders | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
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