MYH11基因编码肌球蛋白重链11(Myosin Heavy Chain 11),属于平滑肌肌球蛋白重链家族(Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain family),该家族成员主要在平滑肌细胞中表达,参与平滑肌收缩功能。MYH11是血管和内脏平滑肌收缩的关键分子,通过ATP水解产生机械力,调控血管张力、胃肠道蠕动等生理过程。其蛋白结构包含头部马达结构域(负责与肌动蛋白结合及ATP酶活性)和尾部螺旋卷曲区域(介导二聚化)。MYH11突变可导致多种疾病,最典型的是家族性胸主动脉瘤/夹层(TAAD),突变(如错义突变或剪切位点突变)会破坏平滑肌细胞收缩功能,引发血管壁结构异常。此外,MYH11与某些癌症(如急性髓系白血病)相关,因染色体易位形成PML-RARA或CBFB-MYH11融合基因,干扰造血分化。若MYH11过表达,可能增强平滑肌过度收缩,导致高血压或血管痉挛;而表达降低则可能引起血管张力不足,增加动脉瘤风险。该基因家族(MYH家族)的共性包括:均含保守的马达结构域,依赖钙调蛋白调控,参与细胞运动或肌肉收缩。研究MYH11有助于理解心血管疾病和肿瘤的机制,并为靶向治疗提供线索。
The protein encoded by this gene is a smooth muscle myosin belonging to the myosin heavy chain family. The gene product is a subunit of a hexameric protein that consists of two heavy chain subunits and two pairs of non-identical light chain subunits. It functions as a major contractile protein, converting chemical energy into mechanical energy through the hydrolysis of ATP. The gene encoding a human ortholog of rat NUDE1 is transcribed from the reverse strand of this gene, and its 3' end overlaps with that of the latter. The pericentric inversion of chromosome 16 [inv(16)(p13q22)] produces a chimeric transcript that encodes a protein consisting of the first 165 residues from the N terminus of core-binding factor beta in a fusion with the C-terminal portion of the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. This chromosomal rearrangement is associated with acute myeloid leukemia of the M4Eo subtype. Alternative splicing generates isoforms that are differentially expressed, with ratios changing during muscle cell maturation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是属于肌球蛋白重链家族平滑肌肌球蛋白。该基因产物是由两个重链亚基和两对非相同的轻链亚基的六聚体蛋白质的亚基。它的功能作为主要收缩蛋白,通过ATP的水解化学能转换成机械能。编码鼠NUDE1的人直向同源物的基因来自该基因的反向链转录,和它的3‘端与后者的重叠。 16号染色体的臂间倒[INV(16)(p13q22)]产生嵌合转录物,其编码由来自核心结合因子β的N末端的第165个残基的蛋白质与的C-末端部分的融合平滑肌肌球蛋白重链。此染色体重排与M4Eo亚型的急性骨髓性白血病有关。选择性剪接产生差异表达亚型,具有比肌肉细胞成熟过程中的变化。编码不同同种型的可变剪接转录物变体也已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
MYH11基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MYH11基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4530 Tight junction [PATH:hsa04530] |
| 4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Axon guidance |
| Developmental Biology |
| EPH-Ephrin signaling |
| EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse |
| Muscle contraction |
| RHO GTPase Effectors |
| RHO GTPases activate CIT |
| RHO GTPases activate PAKs |
| RHO GTPases activate PKNs |
| RHO GTPases Activate ROCKs |
| Sema4D in semaphorin signaling |
| Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse |
| Semaphorin interactions |
| Signaling by Rho GTPases |
| Smooth Muscle Contraction |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 4 | 0.36 | 1 | 6 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT |
| Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute | 0.144972652 | 93 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Acute myelomonocytic leukemia | 0.123810118 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Congenital aneurysm of ascending aorta | 0.121085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
| Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
| Megaduodenum and/or Megacystis | 0.12 | 0 | 1 | CLINVAR |
| leukemia | 0.008067311 | 22 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | 0.006448592 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Adenoma | 0.002995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome | 0.002995792 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
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