MUC2(黏蛋白2)基因属于黏蛋白基因家族(Mucin gene family),该家族编码的蛋白质是黏膜表面的主要成分,具有润滑、保护和信号传导等功能。MUC2基因编码的黏蛋白2是一种高分子量的糖蛋白,主要由杯状细胞分泌,在肠道、呼吸道和生殖道等黏膜表面形成黏液层,起到物理屏障作用,防止病原体入侵并保护上皮细胞免受损伤。MUC2蛋白的特点是高度糖基化,使其具有极强的亲水性和黏弹性,能够有效捕获细菌和病毒。MUC2的主要作用位点是肠道,特别是在结肠中高表达,其形成的黏液层分为内层(致密、无菌)和外层(疏松、含菌群),对维持肠道微生态平衡至关重要。MUC2基因突变可能导致黏蛋白结构或功能异常,与多种疾病相关,如溃疡性结肠炎、克罗恩病等炎症性肠病(IBD),以及结肠癌。突变可能使黏液层变薄或破坏,导致病原体易侵入上皮,引发慢性炎症。此外,某些MUC2变异与先天性糖基化障碍有关,影响黏液正常分泌。MUC2过表达可能与黏液过度分泌性疾病相关,如慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和哮喘,导致气道阻塞;而在肠道中过表达可能增强屏障功能,但异常升高也可能促进肿瘤微环境形成。MUC2表达降低则常见于结肠炎或结肠癌,导致黏液层缺陷,增加感染和炎症风险,并可能加速肿瘤进展。黏蛋白家族的其他成员(如MUC1、MUC5AC)也在不同组织中发挥类似保护作用,但MUC2因其在肠道中的核心地位而尤为关键。研究MUC2有助于开发针对黏液相关疾病的治疗策略,例如通过调节其表达修复屏障功能或靶向黏液阻断病原体感染。
This gene encodes a member of the mucin protein family. Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins produced by many epithelial tissues. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and forms an insoluble mucous barrier that protects the gut lumen. The protein polymerizes into a gel of which 80% is composed of oligosaccharide side chains by weight. The protein features a central domain containing tandem repeats rich in threonine and proline that varies between 50 and 115 copies in different individuals. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their full-length nature is not known. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
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MUC2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MUC2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
5110 Vibrio cholerae infection [PATH:hsa05110] |
5146 Amoebiasis [PATH:hsa05146] |
名称 |
---|
Metabolism of proteins |
O-linked glycosylation |
O-linked glycosylation of mucins |
Post-translational protein modification |
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Adenocarcinoma | 0.126795978 | 17 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Adenoma | 0.122171535 | 9 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Intestinal Neoplasms | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Rectal Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Lung Diseases, Interstitial | 0.12 | 1 | 1 | GWASCAT |
Colonic Neoplasms | 0.085991584 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN_RGD |
Ulcerative Colitis | 0.081628651 | 7 | 3 | BeFree_RGD |
Colitis | 0.081357209 | 7 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
Cystic Fibrosis | 0.080542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
Intestinal Diseases | 0.080542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
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