MUC1(粘蛋白1)是一种跨膜粘蛋白,属于MUC基因家族,该家族以编码粘蛋白(mucins)为特征,这些粘蛋白是高度糖基化的蛋白质,主要功能是形成保护性黏液屏障并参与细胞信号传导。MUC1在多种上皮细胞表面表达,如乳腺、呼吸道、消化道和泌尿生殖道上皮,其核心功能包括润滑、保护上皮免受病原体侵袭以及参与细胞间通讯。MUC1的结构特点是其胞外域含有大量串联重复序列,这些序列可被O-糖基化修饰,形成延伸的糖链结构,而胞内域则参与细胞内信号转导。MUC1的异常表达或突变与多种疾病相关,尤其是癌症。在多种肿瘤(如乳腺癌、胰腺癌、卵巢癌)中,MUC1常出现过表达或糖基化异常,导致其失去保护功能并促进肿瘤进展,例如通过激活PI3K/AKT和MAPK信号通路促进细胞增殖、迁移和转移。MUC1的某些突变(如可变串联重复序列数量的变化)可能影响其糖基化模式,进而改变其生物学行为。此外,MUC1在自身免疫性疾病和慢性炎症中也发挥作用,其异常表达可能触发免疫反应。当MUC1过表达时,可能促进肿瘤发生、增强细胞抗凋亡能力并抑制免疫监视;而降低表达则可能削弱上皮屏障功能,增加感染风险。MUC基因家族的共性包括编码高分子量糖蛋白、富含丝氨酸/苏氨酸的串联重复序列(为O-糖基化提供位点)以及在上皮保护和细胞信号中发挥作用。MUC1作为该家族成员,兼具结构性和功能性角色,其研究对理解癌症生物学和开发靶向治疗(如MUC1疫苗或抗体药物)具有重要意义。
This gene encodes a membrane-bound protein that is a member of the mucin family. Mucins are O-glycosylated proteins that play an essential role in forming protective mucous barriers on epithelial surfaces. These proteins also play a role in intracellular signaling. This protein is expressed on the apical surface of epithelial cells that line the mucosal surfaces of many different tissues including lung, breast stomach and pancreas. This protein is proteolytically cleaved into alpha and beta subunits that form a heterodimeric complex. The N-terminal alpha subunit functions in cell-adhesion and the C-terminal beta subunit is involved in cell signaling. Overexpression, aberrant intracellular localization, and changes in glycosylation of this protein have been associated with carcinomas. This gene is known to contain a highly polymorphic variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) domain. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
该基因编码一种膜结合蛋白,其是粘蛋白家族的一个成员。粘蛋白是O-糖基化蛋白质发挥上形成上皮表面粘膜保护屏障的重要作用。这些蛋白也起到胞内信号传导的作用。这种蛋白质是该行的许多不同的组织包括肺,乳腺胃和胰腺的粘膜表面的上皮细胞的顶表面上表达。这种蛋白质被蛋白水解裂解成α和β亚基构成的异二聚体复合物。在细胞粘附的N-末端α亚基的功能和C末端β亚基参与细胞信号传导。过度表达,异常细胞内定位,并且在该蛋白的糖基化的变化已经与癌有关。已知该基因为包含高度多态可变数目串联重复(VNTR)域。选择性剪接结果在多个抄本变形。[由RefSeq的,2011年2月提供]
MUC1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MUC1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
Metabolism of proteins |
O-linked glycosylation |
O-linked glycosylation of mucins |
Post-translational protein modification |
Termination of O-glycan biosynthesis |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Medullary cystic kidney disease 1 | 0.241900093 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human |
Stomach Neoplasms | 0.135274147 | 7 | 1 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of stomach | 0.129500466 | 36 | 2 | BeFree_GWASCAT |
Multiple Myeloma | 0.125438769 | 11 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Mesothelioma | 0.123267234 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of esophagus | 0.121085767 | 5 | 1 | BeFree_GWASCAT |
Neoplastic Cell Transformation | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Cholangiocarcinoma | 0.083267234 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN_RGD |
Cystic Fibrosis | 0.082995792 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN_RGD |
Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
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