MDC1(Mediator of DNA damage checkpoint protein 1)是一种关键的DNA损伤应答蛋白,主要功能是参与细胞对DNA双链断裂(DSBs)的修复和细胞周期检查点的激活。MDC1在DNA损伤反应(DDR)中起核心作用,它通过识别和结合磷酸化的组蛋白H2AX(γ-H2AX)来招募其他修复蛋白(如53BP1、BRCA1和RNF8)到损伤位点,形成修复焦点。MDC1的表达产物是一种支架蛋白,能够协调多种修复途径,包括非同源末端连接(NHEJ)和同源重组(HR)。MDC1的主要作用位点是细胞核,尤其在DNA损伤位点富集。MDC1的突变可能导致其功能丧失,进而削弱DNA损伤修复能力,增加基因组不稳定性,最终可能引发癌症或加速衰老。研究表明,MDC1的缺失或功能异常与多种癌症(如乳腺癌、卵巢癌和淋巴瘤)的发生发展密切相关。如果MDC1过表达,可能增强细胞对DNA损伤的修复能力,但过度激活检查点信号也可能导致细胞周期停滞或凋亡。相反,MDC1表达降低会削弱DNA修复效率,增加突变积累和染色体异常的风险。MDC1属于FHA(Forkhead-associated)结构域蛋白家族,该家族成员通常通过磷酸化依赖的蛋白-蛋白相互作用参与信号转导和DNA损伤应答。基因家族的共性包括含有FHA结构域,能够识别磷酸化的靶蛋白,并在细胞周期调控、DNA修复和应激反应中发挥重要作用。MDC1的功能和调控机制使其成为癌症治疗和放射敏感性研究的潜在靶点。
The protein encoded by this gene contains an N-terminal forkhead domain, two BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) motifs and a central domain with 13 repetitions of an approximately 41-amino acid sequence. The encoded protein is required to activate the intra-S phase and G2/M phase cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA damage. This nuclear protein interacts with phosphorylated histone H2AX near sites of DNA double-strand breaks through its BRCT motifs, and facilitates recruitment of the ATM kinase and meiotic recombination 11 protein complex to DNA damage foci. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质含有N-末端叉头域,二BRCA1基因的C-末端(BRCT)基序和与大约41个氨基酸的序列的13次重复的中央结构域。所编码的蛋白质是必需的,以激活内S期和G2 / M期细胞周期关卡响应于DNA损伤。此核蛋白质通过其BRCT基序的DNA双链断裂的位点附近的磷酸化组蛋白H2AX相互作用,并有利于在ATM激酶和减数分裂重组11蛋白复合物对DNA损伤病灶的募集。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
MDC1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MDC1基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| ATM mediated phosphorylation of repair proteins |
| ATM mediated response to DNA double-strand break |
| DNA Repair |
| Double-Strand Break Repair |
| Homologous Recombination Repair |
| Homologous recombination repair of replication-independent double-strand breaks |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| Post-translational protein modification |
| Recruitment of repair and signaling proteins to double-strand breaks |
| SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins |
| SUMOylation |
| SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Cessation of life | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Spontaneous abortion | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Behcet Syndrome | 0.002367032 | 1 | 1 | GAD |
| Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Ataxia Telangiectasia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Carcinoma of lung | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Carcinogenesis | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
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