MASP1(Mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1)是一种属于丝氨酸蛋白酶家族的基因,主要编码甘露聚糖结合凝集素相关丝氨酸蛋白酶1。该基因是补体系统凝集素途径中的关键成分,参与先天免疫防御机制。MASP1主要在肝脏中表达,其编码的蛋白通过与甘露聚糖结合凝集素(MBL)或纤维胶凝蛋白(ficolins)结合形成复合物,识别病原体表面的糖结构,进而激活补体级联反应,促进病原体的清除。MASP1具有蛋白酶活性,能够切割补体成分C4和C2,形成C3转化酶(C4b2a),从而启动补体激活的后续步骤。此外,MASP1还参与凝血系统和纤溶系统的调控,显示出多功能的生物学特性。MASP1基因突变可能导致其功能异常,与多种疾病相关。例如,MASP1功能缺失突变可能导致3MC综合征(一种罕见的发育异常疾病,表现为颅面畸形、智力障碍和免疫缺陷),因为MASP1在胚胎发育中也有重要作用。MASP1的过表达可能与某些自身免疫性疾病或炎症性疾病相关,因为过度激活的补体系统可能导致组织损伤。相反,MASP1表达降低可能增加感染风险,因为补体系统的防御功能被削弱。MASP1属于MASP基因家族,该家族还包括MASP2和MASP3。这些基因编码的蛋白质在结构上相似,均含有多个结构域(如CUB、EGF和丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域),并且都参与补体系统的凝集素途径。MASP家族成员的共性是它们能够与MBL或ficolins结合,并通过蛋白酶活性参与免疫防御。然而,不同成员在底物特异性和功能上有所差异,例如MASP2主要切割C4和C2,而MASP3的功能尚未完全阐明,可能参与替代途径的调控。MASP1的生物学功能及其与疾病的关系使其成为免疫学和医学研究的重要靶点。
This gene encodes a serine protease that functions as a component of the lectin pathway of complement activation. The complement pathway plays an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune response. The encoded protein is synthesized as a zymogen and is activated when it complexes with the pathogen recognition molecules of lectin pathway, the mannose-binding lectin and the ficolins. This protein is not directly involved in complement activation but may play a role as an amplifier of complement activation by cleaving complement C2 or by activating another complement serine protease, MASP-2. The encoded protein is also able to cleave fibrinogen and factor XIII and may may be involved in coagulation. A splice variant of this gene which lacks the serine protease domain functions as an inhibitor of the complement pathway. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
这个基因编码的丝氨酸蛋白酶,其功能为补体激活的凝集素途径的组分。补体途径在先天和适应性免疫应答中起重要作用。所编码的蛋白质被合成为一个酶原并当它与凝集素途径,甘露糖结合凝集素和ficolins的病原体识别分子复合物被激活。这种蛋白质是不直接参与补体活化,但可通过裂解补体C2或通过激活另一补体丝氨酸蛋白酶,MASP-2发挥作用的补体激活的放大器。所编码的蛋白质也能够切割纤维蛋白原和因子XIII和可能可能参与凝血。这个基因,其缺少丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域作为补体途径的抑制剂的剪接变体。选择性剪接结果在多个抄本变形。[由RefSeq的,2010年4月提供]
MASP1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
MASP1基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4610 Complement and coagulation cascades [PATH:hsa04610] |
5150 Staphylococcus aureus infection [PATH:hsa05150] |
名称 |
---|
Binding and Uptake of Ligands by Scavenger Receptors |
Complement cascade |
Creation of C4 and C2 activators |
Ficolins bind to repetitive carbohydrate structures on the target cell surface |
Immune System |
Initial triggering of complement |
Innate Immune System |
Lectin pathway of complement activation |
Scavenging by Class A Receptors |
Vesicle-mediated transport |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Oculopalatoskeletal syndrome | 0.24 | 1 | 3 | CLINVAR_CTD_human |
Carnevale syndrome | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Pigmentation Disorders | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Malpuech facial clefting syndrome | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Craniofacial Abnormalities | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | 0.12 | 1 | 1 | GWASCAT |
Age related macular degeneration | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
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