KIR3DS1(杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体3DS1)属于KIR基因家族,这是一组编码自然杀伤(NK)细胞表面受体的基因,主要参与免疫调节和病原体防御。KIR3DS1编码一种激活型受体,通过识别特定的MHC I类分子(如HLA-Bw4)来触发NK细胞的杀伤功能,从而清除病毒感染或恶性细胞。KIR基因家族的共性在于它们均位于19号染色体上,具有高度多态性,且通过结合MHC I类分子调控NK细胞的活性,在免疫监视和妊娠中起关键作用。KIR3DS1的突变可能导致受体功能异常,例如丧失对HLA-Bw4的结合能力,从而削弱抗病毒(如HIV、HCV)或抗肿瘤免疫应答。研究发现,KIR3DS1与某些疾病密切相关,例如其特定变异可延缓HIV进展,但可能与自身免疫疾病(如类风湿关节炎)风险增加相关。若KIR3DS1过表达,可能过度激活NK细胞,导致炎症反应或组织损伤;而表达降低则可能削弱免疫防御,增加感染或癌症易感性。此外,KIR3DS1与其他KIR家族成员(如抑制型受体KIR3DL1)存在功能互作,其表达失衡可能破坏免疫稳态。该基因的遗传多样性在个体化医疗和疾病风险评估中具有潜在应用价值。
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several "framework" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]
杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(的KIRs)是通过自然杀伤细胞和T细胞亚群表达跨膜糖蛋白。的KIR基因多态和高度同源的并且它们中的1兆白细胞受体复合物(LRC)内染色体19q13.4群集找到。的KIR基因簇的基因含量的单倍型的不同而不同,虽然有几个“框架”的基因在所有的单倍型(KIR3DL3,KIR3DP1,KIR3DL4,KIR3DL2)找到。的KIR蛋白由细胞外免疫球蛋白结构域(2D或3D)的数目和由划分他们是否具有长(L)或短(S) - 胞质域。与长的胞质域的KIR蛋白质在配体经由一个基于免疫受体酪氨酸的抑制基序(ITIM)结合转导抑制性信号,同时与短胞质域KIR蛋白缺乏ITIM基序,而是与TYRO蛋白酪氨酸激酶关联结合蛋白转导激活信号。数KIR蛋白配体是HLA I类分子的子集;因而,KIR蛋白被认为在免疫应答的调节中发挥着重要作用。已发现该基因编码不同亚型选择性剪接转录变异体。 [由RefSeq的,2013年8月提供]
KIR3DS1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
KIR3DS1基因的本体(GO)信息:
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.019369519 | 11 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
HIV Infections | 0.016992555 | 22 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent | 0.012106602 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Graft-vs-Host Disease | 0.007372538 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
leukemia | 0.007101096 | 3 | 0 | GAD |
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic | 0.007101096 | 3 | 0 | GAD |
Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute | 0.005276948 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Rheumatoid Arthritis | 0.005005506 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Autoimmune Diseases | 0.005005506 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Psoriasis | 0.005005506 | 3 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
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