IGF2(胰岛素样生长因子2)是一种重要的生长因子基因,属于胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)家族,该家族还包括IGF1和胰岛素。IGF家族成员在调节细胞生长、分化和代谢中起关键作用,尤其在胚胎发育和出生后生长过程中。IGF2基因编码的蛋白质是一种肽类激素,主要通过结合IGF1受体(IGF1R)和胰岛素受体(InsR)发挥作用,促进细胞增殖和抑制凋亡。IGF2主要在胎儿期高表达,对胎盘和胎儿组织的生长至关重要,出生后表达水平显著下降,但在某些组织如肝脏和肌肉中仍可检测到。IGF2的活性受IGF结合蛋白(IGFBPs)调控,这些蛋白可延长其半衰期或抑制其功能。IGF2基因的印记现象是其重要特点之一,即在大多数组织中仅父源等位基因表达,而母源等位基因因甲基化沉默。IGF2基因突变或印记异常可导致多种疾病。例如,IGF2的过表达与贝威二氏综合征(Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome,BWS)相关,这是一种以过度生长、器官肥大和儿童期肿瘤风险增加为特征的疾病。相反,IGF2表达降低可能导致生长迟缓和银罗素综合征(Silver-Russell syndrome,SRS),表现为宫内生长受限和出生后生长不良。IGF2还与多种癌症相关,如肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌,其过表达可通过激活促生存和增殖信号通路(如PI3K-AKT和MAPK)促进肿瘤发生。此外,IGF2水平异常可能影响其他基因的表达或功能,例如抑制GH(生长激素)的负反馈调节或干扰胰岛素信号通路。在IGF家族中,IGF2与IGF1功能部分重叠,但IGF2更侧重于胚胎发育,而IGF1在出生后生长中作用更大。研究IGF2的功能和调控机制对理解生长发育障碍、代谢性疾病和癌症的发病机制具有重要意义,并为相关疾病的诊断和治疗提供潜在靶点。
This gene encodes a member of the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors, which are involved in development and growth. It is an imprinted gene, expressed only from the paternal allele, and epigenetic changes at this locus are associated with Wilms tumour, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Silver-Russell syndrome. A read-through INS-IGF2 gene exists, whose 5' region overlaps the INS gene and the 3' region overlaps this gene. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]
该基因编码的胰岛素家族的多肽生长因子,其参与发育和生长中的一员。它是一个印记基因,表达只从父亲的等位基因,并且在该轨迹后生变化与肾母细胞瘤,贝克威思-威德曼综合征,横纹肌肉瘤,和银罗素综合征。读通INS-IGF2基因存在,其5‘区域重叠的INS基因和3‘区域重叠该基因。已发现该基因编码不同亚型选择性剪接转录变异体。 [由RefSeq的,2010年10月提供]
IGF2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
IGF2基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 5205 Proteoglycans in cancer [PATH:hsa05205] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Gene Expression |
| Hemostasis |
| IGF1R signaling cascade |
| Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Proteins (IGF2BPs/IMPs/VICKZs) bind RNA |
| IRS-related events triggered by IGF1R |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation |
| Platelet degranulation |
| Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) |
| Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ |
| SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R |
| Signal Transduction |
| Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Liver carcinoma | 0.233913878 | 61 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent | 0.214006695 | 13 | 3 | BeFree_GAD_GWASCAT_RGD |
| Alzheimer's Disease | 0.205005506 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_RGD |
| Memory Disorders | 0.2 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
| Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome | 0.140825079 | 68 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
| Nephroblastoma | 0.137643722 | 66 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Obesity | 0.136721114 | 22 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
| Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.135793286 | 13 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Adrenocortical carcinoma | 0.128153188 | 22 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Hepatoblastoma | 0.127610304 | 19 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
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