HTR2C(5-羟色胺受体2C)基因位于X染色体上,编码5-羟色胺(血清素)受体2C,属于G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)家族中的5-羟色胺受体家族。该家族共有7个亚型(HTR1-7),共同特点是介导血清素的信号传导,参与情绪、食欲、睡眠等多种生理过程。HTR2C主要在脑部表达,尤其在下丘脑、边缘系统和大脑皮层,调控情绪、焦虑、食欲及能量代谢。其激活后通过Gq蛋白信号通路促进磷脂酶C(PLC)活性,产生肌醇三磷酸(IP3)和二酰基甘油(DAG),进而影响神经元兴奋性。HTR2C的突变可能导致功能异常,如rs6318多态性与精神疾病(抑郁症、精神分裂症)和肥胖相关。功能丧失突变可能引发食欲亢进和体重增加,而某些增益性突变则与焦虑行为增强有关。该基因的RNA编辑(如C位点编辑)会改变受体构象,影响与血清素的亲和力,编辑异常可能与抑郁症和自杀倾向相关。HTR2C过表达可能导致焦虑加重和食欲抑制,而表达降低则与肥胖、代谢综合征及抗精神病药物引起的体重增加有关。药物方面,HTR2C是抗精神病药(如氯氮平)和减肥药(如氯卡色林)的靶点,其调控失衡可能影响药物疗效或副作用。此外,HTR2C与多巴胺能系统的交互作用影响奖赏行为,其异常可能参与成瘾机制。基因家族中,HTR2A/2B/2C均通过Gq通路发挥作用,但组织分布和功能侧重不同,HTR2C因独特的RNA编辑机制在调控精度上更为突出。
This gene encodes a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor. The encoded protein responds to signaling through the neurotransmitter serotonin. The mRNA of this gene is subject to multiple RNA editing events, where adenosine residues encoded by the genome are converted to inosines. RNA editing is predicted to alter the structure of the second intracellular loop, thereby generating alternate protein forms with decreased ability to interact with G proteins. Abnormalities in RNA editing of this gene have been detected in victims of suicide that suffer from depression. In addition, naturally-occuring variation in the promoter and 5' non-coding and coding regions of this gene may show statistically-significant association with mental illness and behavioral disorders. Alternative splicing results in multiple different transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]
这个基因编码的七跨膜G蛋白偶联受体。所编码的蛋白质来响应通过神经递质血清素信号。该基因的mRNA的是受多种RNA编辑事件,其中,由基因组编码的腺苷残基被转化为肌苷。 RNA编辑被预测为改变第二胞内环的结构中,从而生成具有与的G蛋白相互作用的能力降低备用蛋白的形式。在这个基因的RNA编辑异常已经在患抑郁症自杀的受害者被检测到。另外,该基因的天然存在的启动子和5‘非编码变异和编码区可能会显示与精神病和行为障碍统计学-显著关联。选择性剪接导致多个不同的转录变异体。 [由RefSeq的,2015年1月提供]
HTR2C基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
HTR2C基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4020 Calcium signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04020] |
4080 Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction [PATH:hsa04080] |
4540 Gap junction [PATH:hsa04540] |
4726 Serotonergic synapse [PATH:hsa04726] |
4750 Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels [PATH:hsa04750] |
名称 |
---|
Amine ligand-binding receptors |
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) |
G alpha (q) signalling events |
Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK |
GPCR downstream signaling |
GPCR ligand binding |
Serotonin receptors |
Signal Transduction |
Signaling by GPCR |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Weight Gain | 0.150771416 | 15 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Obesity | 0.146189242 | 21 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Metabolic Syndrome X | 0.126362715 | 7 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Hyperactive behavior | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Major Depressive Disorder | 0.089272631 | 11 | 2 | BeFree_GAD_RGD |
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent | 0.08554839 | 4 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_MGD |
Anxiety Disorders | 0.083724241 | 6 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_RGD |
Prader-Willi Syndrome | 0.080814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_MGD |
Pain | 0.080271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
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