FIG4基因编码一种磷酸肌醇磷酸酶,属于SAC(Suppressor of Actin)结构域磷酸酶家族,该家族成员通常参与调控细胞内膜运输和细胞骨架动态。FIG4蛋白的主要功能是通过水解磷脂酰肌醇-3,5-二磷酸(PI(3,5)P2)调控内体/溶酶体系统的膜动态平衡,这对神经元的轴突运输和髓鞘维持至关重要。其作用位点集中在晚期内体(late endosome)和溶酶体膜上,通过与膜蛋白复合物(如PIKfyve-ArPIKfyve复合物)相互作用来维持PI(3,5)P2的水平平衡。FIG4基因突变会导致其磷酸酶功能丧失,引发PI(3,5)P2代谢异常,进而造成溶酶体形态和功能缺陷。这类突变与多种神经系统疾病相关,例如遗传性痉挛性截瘫(SPG11)、Charcot-Marie-Tooth病4J型(CMT4J)和Yunis-Varon综合征,表现为运动神经元退化、周围神经病变或严重发育畸形。若FIG4过表达,可能通过过度消耗PI(3,5)P2破坏内体-溶酶体通路,导致自噬障碍;而表达降低时,PI(3,5)P2积累会诱发溶酶体空泡化,影响神经细胞的存活。FIG4所属的SAC家族磷酸酶均含有保守的SAC结构域(与细胞骨架肌动蛋白调节相关),其共性是通过去磷酸化特定脂质或蛋白质底物参与膜运输调控。目前"FIG4"的中文译名"肌醇多磷酸磷酸酶FIG4"(原英文:Inositol polyphosphate phosphatase FIG4)存在争议,部分文献直接使用FIG4或全称。
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the SAC domain-containing protein gene family. The SAC domain, approximately 400 amino acids in length and consisting of seven conserved motifs, has been shown to possess phosphoinositide phosphatase activity. The yeast homolog, Sac1p, is involved in the regulation of various phosphoinositides, and affects diverse cellular functions such as actin cytoskeleton organization, Golgi function, and maintenance of vacuole morphology. Membrane-bound phosphoinositides function as signaling molecules and play a key role in vesicle trafficking in eukaryotic cells. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 4J. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质属于SAC结构域的蛋白基因家族。在SAC结构域,在长度和组成的7个保守的基序大约400个氨基酸,已经显示出具有磷酸肌醇磷酸酶活性。酵母同源物,Sac1p,参与多种磷酸肌醇的调节,并影响多种细胞功能,如肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织,高尔基功能,和液泡形态维护。膜结合磷酸肌醇函数作为信号分子,并在真核细胞中发挥囊泡运输的关键作用。该基因突变与腓骨肌萎缩症,类型4J有关。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
FIG4基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
FIG4基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
Metabolism |
Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
Phospholipid metabolism |
PI Metabolism |
Synthesis of PIPs at the early endosome membrane |
Synthesis of PIPs at the Golgi membrane |
Synthesis of PIPs at the late endosome membrane |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE, TYPE 4J | 0.561628651 | 7 | 6 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Yunis Varon syndrome | 0.441085767 | 4 | 4 | BeFree_CLINVAR_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 11 | 0.36 | 1 | 2 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT |
POLYMICROGYRIA, BILATERAL TEMPOROOCCIPITAL | 0.24 | 1 | 0 | ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease | 0.121900093 | 7 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Peripheral Neuropathy | 0.120814326 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | 0.120271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Polymicrogyria, Bilateral Occipital | 0.12 | 0 | 1 | CLINVAR |
Primary Lateral Sclerosis, Adult, 1 | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
Neuropathy | 0.001628651 | 6 | 0 | BeFree |
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