F13B基因编码凝血因子XIII的B亚基(FXIII-B),它与A亚基(F13A)共同组成凝血因子XIII(FXIII),这是血液凝固过程中的关键酶。FXIII在凝血最后阶段发挥作用,通过交联纤维蛋白形成稳定的血凝块,增强血栓的机械强度和抗纤溶能力。F13B的主要功能是作为载体蛋白稳定F13A的活性形式,并调节其释放。FXIII主要在肝脏合成,血小板和巨噬细胞也少量表达。F13B基因突变可能导致FXIII缺乏症,表现为出血倾向(如脐带出血、颅内出血)或伤口愈合延迟。FXIII缺乏与血栓性疾病(如静脉血栓栓塞)的关联性也存在研究。F13B过表达可能增强血栓稳定性但增加血栓风险,而表达降低则导致出血风险上升。F13B属于凝血因子基因家族,该家族成员多为肝脏合成的血浆蛋白,通过级联反应协同完成凝血功能。FXIII是唯一具有转谷氨酰胺酶活性的凝血因子,其独特之处在于能将纤维蛋白单体的γ链和α链交联。F13B基因位于1号染色体(1q31-q32.1),与F13A的基因位置(6p24-p25)不同。FXIII-B亚基由10个串联的Sushi结构域(又称CCP或SCR结构域)组成,这些结构域介导蛋白质相互作用。值得注意的是,FXIII缺乏症多为F13A突变引起,而F13B突变较罕见,但两者均可导致相似的出血表型。除凝血功能外,FXIII还参与血管生成、组织修复和免疫调节等过程。在炎症状态下,FXIII可能通过调节细胞外基质影响疾病进程。针对FXIII的替代疗法(如凝血因子浓缩剂)可用于治疗遗传性FXIII缺乏症。
This gene encodes coagulation factor XIII B subunit. Coagulation factor XIII is the last zymogen to become activated in the blood coagulation cascade. Plasma factor XIII is a heterotetramer composed of 2 A subunits and 2 B subunits. The A subunits have catalytic function, and the B subunits do not have enzymatic activity and may serve as a plasma carrier molecules. Platelet factor XIII is comprised only of 2 A subunits, which are identical to those of plasma origin. Upon activation by the cleavage of the activation peptide by thrombin and in the presence of calcium ion, the plasma factor XIII dissociates its B subunits and yields the same active enzyme, factor XIIIa, as platelet factor XIII. This enzyme acts as a transglutaminase to catalyze the formation of gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine crosslinking between fibrin molecules, thus stabilizing the fibrin clot. Factor XIII deficiency is classified into two categories: type I deficiency, characterized by the lack of both the A and B subunits; and type II deficiency, characterized by the lack of the A subunit alone. These defects can result in a lifelong bleeding tendency, defective wound healing, and habitual abortion. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码凝血因子XIII B亚单位。凝血因子XIII是最后酶原在血液凝固级联被活化。血浆因子XIII是2α亚基和2 B亚单位组成的异四聚体。在A亚基具有催化功能,与B亚基不具有酶活性,并且可以作为等离子体载体分子。血小板因子XIII只包括2所述的亚基,这是相同的等离子体源的。经由凝血酶和钙离子的存在下,活化肽的裂解活化,等离子体XIII因子解离在其B亚基,并产生相同的活性酶,XIIIa因子,如血小板因子XIII。这种酶作为转谷氨酰胺酶来催化纤维蛋白分子之间γ-谷氨酰基厄普西隆赖氨酸交联的??形成,从而稳定的纤维蛋白凝块。因子XIII缺乏症分为两类:I型缺乏症,其特征在于缺乏两个A和B亚单位的;和II型缺乏症,其特征在于缺乏单独A亚基的。这些缺陷可能导致终身出血倾向,有缺陷的伤口愈合,并习惯性流产。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
F13B基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
F13B基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4610 Complement and coagulation cascades [PATH:hsa04610] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation |
| Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade) |
| Hemostasis |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Factor XIII, B Subunit, Deficiency Of | 0.36 | 2 | 2 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT |
| Venous Thrombosis | 0.122367032 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
| Factor XIII Deficiency | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Myocardial Infarction | 0.010182764 | 3 | 0 | GAD_LHGDN |
| Brain Ischemia | 0.009468128 | 4 | 0 | GAD |
| Age related macular degeneration | 0.005276948 | 2 | 22 | BeFree_GAD |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 0.004734064 | 2 | 0 | GAD |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.004734064 | 2 | 0 | GAD |
| Varicose Ulcer | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Premature Obstetric Labor | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
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