F12基因编码凝血因子XII(Hageman因子),属于丝氨酸蛋白酶家族。该基因主要在肝脏中表达,其产物是血液凝固级联反应中的关键启动因子,通过与带负电荷的表面(如胶原或受损血管)接触后被激活。激活后的FXIIa可启动内源性凝血途径,同时激活激肽释放酶-纤溶系统。F12基因突变可能导致遗传性血管性水肿或凝血异常,如FXII缺乏症(通常不引起出血倾向,反而可能增加血栓风险)。该基因过表达可能促进血栓形成,而表达降低则可能影响炎症反应和纤溶功能。F12属于丝氨酸蛋白酶基因家族,该家族成员均含有高度保守的催化三联体(组氨酸、天冬氨酸和丝氨酸),参与蛋白水解、凝血和补体激活等生理过程。研究发现FXII与炎症、血栓性疾病(如深静脉血栓)和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病相关,是抗血栓药物的潜在靶点。
This gene encodes coagulation factor XII which circulates in blood as a zymogen. This single chain zymogen is converted to a two-chain serine protease with an heavy chain (alpha-factor XIIa) and a light chain. The heavy chain contains two fibronectin-type domains, two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains, a kringle domain and a proline-rich domain, whereas the light chain contains only a catalytic domain. On activation, further cleavages takes place in the heavy chain, resulting in the production of beta-factor XIIa light chain and the alpha-factor XIIa light chain becomes beta-factor XIIa heavy chain. Prekallikrein is cleaved by factor XII to form kallikrein, which then cleaves factor XII first to alpha-factor XIIa and then to beta-factor XIIa. The active factor XIIa participates in the initiation of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and the generation of bradykinin and angiotensin. It activates coagulation factors VII and XI. Defects in this gene do not cause any clinical symptoms and the sole effect is that whole-blood clotting time is prolonged. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
这个基因编码凝血因子XII其中在血液中循环作为酶原。这个单链酶原转化为双链丝氨酸蛋白酶具有一个重链(α因子XIIA)和轻链。重链包含两个纤连蛋白类型区,二表皮生长因子(EGF) - 样结构域,三环域和富含脯氨酸结构域,而轻链仅包含一个催化结构域。活化,进一步裂解发生在重链,从而导致在生产的β-凝血因子XIIa轻链和该α-凝血因子XIIa轻链变的β-凝血因子XIIa重链。激肽释放酶原通过因子XII切割的,以形成激肽释放酶,然后切割第一到的α-凝血因子XIIa,然后因子XII于β-凝血因子XIIa。活性凝血因子XIIa参与血液凝固,纤维蛋白溶解,并缓激肽和血管紧张肽的产生的开始。它激活凝血因子VII和XI。在这个基因的缺陷不会造成任何的临床症状和鞋底的效果是,全血凝血时间延长。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
F12基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
F12基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4610 Complement and coagulation cascades [PATH:hsa04610] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade) |
| Hemostasis |
| Intrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Factor XII Deficiency | 0.568815624 | 16 | 1 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
| Hereditary Angioedema Type III | 0.481085767 | 5 | 1 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.124734064 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
| Angioedemas, Hereditary | 0.123257302 | 13 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Thromboembolism | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Liver Neoplasms, Experimental | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| IGA Glomerulonephritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Hereditary angioedema with normal C1 esterase inhibitor activity | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
| Venous Thrombosis | 0.017998497 | 6 | 0 | GAD_LHGDN |
| Venous Thromboembolism | 0.009468128 | 4 | 0 | GAD |
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