ERG(ETS相关基因)属于ETS基因家族,该家族成员以含有高度保守的ETS结构域为特征,能够结合特定DNA序列调控基因表达。ERG基因位于人类染色体21q22.2,编码一个转录因子蛋白,主要参与血管发育、造血系统调控及细胞分化等关键生物学过程。其表达产物通过结合靶基因启动子区的GGAA/T核心序列,激活或抑制下游基因(如FLI1、PDGFD等),影响内皮细胞迁移、血管生成和造血干细胞维持。在正常生理状态下,ERG高表达于内皮细胞、造血祖细胞及部分泌尿系统组织,对维持血管完整性和造血功能至关重要。ERG基因突变(如融合突变ERG-TMPRSS2常见于前列腺癌)会导致其转录活性异常增强,促进细胞增殖和侵袭,与前列腺癌、尤文肉瘤和白血病的发生密切相关。若ERG过表达,可能驱动血管过度增生(如血管瘤)或肿瘤转移;而表达降低则可能导致血管发育缺陷(如遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症)或造血功能障碍。ETS家族基因的共性是依赖ETS结构域进行DNA结合,参与发育、凋亡和肿瘤发生等调控。ERG与FLI1等家族成员功能部分重叠,但在组织分布和靶基因选择上存在差异。研究还发现ERG表达受Wnt/β-catenin和Notch信号通路调控,其异常表达会破坏这些通路的平衡,进一步影响肿瘤微环境。目前针对ERG异常活化的治疗策略(如小分子抑制剂)正在开发中,尤其在TMPRSS2-ERG融合阳性前列腺癌中显示出潜在疗效。
This gene encodes a member of the erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) family of transcriptions factors. All members of this family are key regulators of embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. The protein encoded by this gene is mainly expressed in the nucleus. It contains an ETS DNA-binding domain and a PNT (pointed) domain which is implicated in the self-association of chimeric oncoproteins. This protein is required for platelet adhesion to the subendothelium, inducing vascular cell remodeling. It also regulates hematopoesis, and the differentiation and maturation of megakaryocytic cells. This gene is involved in chromosomal translocations, resulting in different fusion gene products, such as TMPSSR2-ERG and NDRG1-ERG in prostate cancer, EWS-ERG in Ewing's sarcoma and FUS-ERG in acute myeloid leukemia. More than two dozens of transcript variants generated from combinatorial usage of three alternative promoters and multiple alternative splicing events have been reported, but the full-length nature of many of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]
该基因编码的红细胞改造特定(ETS)家族抄录因素中的一员。这个家庭的所有成员都是胚胎发育,细胞增殖,分化,血管生成,炎症反应和细胞凋亡的主要监管机构。由该基因编码的蛋白质是主要表达在细胞核中。它包含一个ETS DNA结合结构域和其在嵌合癌蛋白的自缔牵连PNT(尖)域。这种蛋白质是必需的血小板粘附于内皮下膜,诱导血管细胞重塑。它还规定hematopoesis和分化以及巨核细胞的成熟。该基因是参与染色体易位,导致不同的融合基因产物,如TMPSSR2-ERG和NDRG1-ERG在前列腺癌,EWS-ERG在尤文肉瘤和FUS-ERG急性髓细胞白血病。两个以上的几十从三种备选的启动子和多个选择性剪??接事件组合使用产生的转录物变体已有报道,但许多这些变体的全长性质尚未确定。 [由RefSeq的,2014年4月提供]
ERG基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ERG基因的本体(GO)信息:
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.161931158 | 37 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute | 0.131681932 | 34 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
leukemia | 0.127338862 | 18 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Ewings sarcoma | 0.125971721 | 22 | 0 | BeFree_ORPHANET |
Down Syndrome | 0.124895885 | 10 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Muscle Weakness | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.079304634 | 267 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Prostate carcinoma | 0.066503259 | 245 | 0 | BeFree |
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasias | 0.007077352 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Sarcoma | 0.00706742 | 17 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
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