DPYD基因编码二氢嘧啶脱氢酶(DPD),这是嘧啶代谢途径中的关键酶,负责催化尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶的降解过程。DPD主要在肝脏中高表达,但也存在于其他组织如肠道、血液细胞和脑中。该酶将5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)等化疗药物转化为无活性代谢物,因此在癌症治疗中起重要作用。DPYD基因突变会导致DPD酶活性降低或缺失,引发二氢嘧啶脱氢酶缺乏症(DPD缺乏症)。DPD缺乏的患者在接受5-FU或卡培他滨等化疗药物时,可能出现严重甚至致命的毒性反应,如骨髓抑制、神经毒性和胃肠道症状。常见的致病突变包括DPYD*2A(rs3918290)、c.2846A>T(rs67376798)和c.1129-5923C>G(rs75017182)。DPYD属于嘧啶代谢酶基因家族,该家族成员多参与核苷酸合成与分解代谢。DPYD表达水平异常会影响嘧啶代谢平衡:过表达可能加速5-FU代谢而降低化疗效果,而低表达则导致药物蓄积毒性。此外,DPYD活性改变还可能影响神经系统功能,因为嘧啶代谢异常与某些神经发育障碍有关。基因检测DPYD多态性已成为个性化化疗的重要部分,可指导5-FU类药物的剂量调整。
The protein encoded by this gene is a pyrimidine catabolic enzyme and the initial and rate-limiting factor in the pathway of uracil and thymidine catabolism. Mutations in this gene result in dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, an error in pyrimidine metabolism associated with thymine-uraciluria and an increased risk of toxicity in cancer patients receiving 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2009]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是嘧啶代谢酶和尿嘧啶和胸苷分解代谢的途径中的初始和限速因素。在该基因导致二氢嘧啶脱氢酶缺乏的突变,在与胸腺嘧啶uraciluria相关联嘧啶代谢的错误,并在癌症患者中的毒性的风险增加接收5-氟尿嘧啶的化疗。已发现该基因编码不同亚型的两个转录变异体。 [由RefSeq的,2009年5月提供]
DPYD基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
DPYD基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
240 Pyrimidine metabolism [PATH:hsa00240] |
410 beta-Alanine metabolism [PATH:hsa00410] |
770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis [PATH:hsa00770] |
983 Drug metabolism - other enzymes [PATH:hsa00983] |
名称 |
---|
Metabolism |
Metabolism of nucleotides |
Pyrimidine catabolism |
Pyrimidine metabolism |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Deficiency | 0.377882826 | 38 | 9 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.150795991 | 22 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Stomach Neoplasms | 0.132192478 | 8 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.130897401 | 5 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
Lung Neoplasms | 0.12272435 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
Colonic Neoplasms | 0.122638474 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
Pancreatic Neoplasm | 0.122367032 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
Liver carcinoma | 0.121085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.121085767 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Neutropenia | 0.120814326 | 4 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human |
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