DCTN1基因编码动力蛋白激活蛋白1(Dynactin 1),是动力蛋白-动力蛋白激活蛋白复合体的核心组成部分,该复合体在细胞内物质运输中起关键作用,特别是沿微管网络的逆向运输。DCTN1通过与动力蛋白和微管结合,协调囊泡、细胞器和蛋白质复合体的定向运动,对神经元轴突运输尤为重要。该基因属于动力蛋白激活蛋白(Dynactin)家族,家族成员共同形成多亚基复合物,通过稳定动力蛋白与微管的连接来增强运输效率。DCTN1的突变(如p.G59S)可破坏动力蛋白激活蛋白复合体的组装,导致神经元运输障碍,与多种神经退行性疾病相关,包括肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)、佩里综合征(以帕金森症、抑郁和体重减轻为特征)和远端遗传性运动神经病VIIB型。突变还可能影响有丝分裂纺锤体定位,导致染色体分离错误。DCTN1过表达可能干扰正常运输平衡,诱发异常蛋白质聚集或细胞器分布紊乱;而表达降低则削弱轴突运输,导致神经营养因子缺乏和突触功能障碍。此外,DCTN1通过调控细胞器运输间接影响自噬、线粒体功能等过程,其表达异常可能改变相关通路(如BDNF信号传导)。该基因在癌症中也有研究,其异常表达可能通过影响细胞迁移促进肿瘤转移。
This gene encodes the largest subunit of dynactin, a macromolecular complex consisting of 10 subunits ranging in size from 22 to 150 kD. Dynactin binds to both microtubules and cytoplasmic dynein. Dynactin is involved in a diverse array of cellular functions, including ER-to-Golgi transport, the centripetal movement of lysosomes and endosomes, spindle formation, chromosome movement, nuclear positioning, and axonogenesis. This subunit interacts with dynein intermediate chain by its domains directly binding to dynein and binds to microtubules via a highly conserved glycine-rich cytoskeleton-associated protein (CAP-Gly) domain in its N-terminus. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. Mutations in this gene cause distal hereditary motor neuronopathy type VIIB (HMN7B) which is also known as distal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (dSBMA). [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
该基因编码dynactin最大亚基,包括10个亚基22?150 kD的大小不等的大分子复合物。 Dynactin同时结合微管和胞质动力蛋白。 Dynactin涉及的细胞功能,包括ER到高尔基体转运,溶酶体和内涵体的心运动,纺锤体形成,染色体的运动,核的定位,并axonogenesis一个多样化。这种亚单位通过其结构域直接结合动力蛋白动力蛋白中间链相互作用并通过一个高度保守的富含甘氨酸的细胞骨架相关蛋白在其N-末端(CAP - 甘氨酸)结构域结合至微管。在多个转录该基因的结果选择性剪接变异体的编码不同的亚型。突变该基因引起远侧遗传性运动neuronopathy类型VIIB族(HMN7B),它也被称为远侧脊髓和延髓性肌萎缩(dSBMA)。 [由RefSeq的,2008年10月提供]
DCTN1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
DCTN1基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4962 Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption [PATH:hsa04962] |
| 5016 Huntington's disease [PATH:hsa05016] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Adaptive Immune System |
| Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane |
| Assembly of the primary cilium |
| Cell Cycle |
| Cell Cycle, Mitotic |
| Centrosome maturation |
| G2/M Transition |
| Immune System |
| IRE1alpha activates chaperones |
| Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes |
| Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| MHC class II antigen presentation |
| Mitotic G2-G2/M phases |
| Organelle biogenesis and maintenance |
| Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes |
| Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition |
| Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) |
| XBP1(S) activates chaperone genes |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Perry Syndrome | 0.482171535 | 9 | 4 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
| Neuronopathy, Distal Hereditary Motor, Type Viib | 0.36 | 1 | 1 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_UNIPROT |
| AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS 1 | 0.24 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_UNIPROT |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | 0.124267125 | 7 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_ORPHANET |
| Parkinsonian Disorders | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Mood Disorders | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Hypoventilation | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease | 0.12 | 0 | 1 | CLINVAR |
| Motor Neuron Disease | 0.008715934 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Neurodegenerative Disorders | 0.003267234 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
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