CYP2B6属于细胞色素P450(CYP450)基因家族,这是一个庞大的超家族,主要编码参与药物代谢和外源性物质解毒的酶。CYP450家族的共性在于它们都是含血红素的单加氧酶,负责氧化各种内源性和外源性化合物,包括药物、毒素和类固醇激素。CYP2B6主要在肝脏中表达,其编码的酶CYP2B6参与多种药物的代谢,包括抗逆转录病毒药物(如依法韦仑)、抗肿瘤药物(如环磷酰胺)、麻醉药(如丙泊酚)以及一些环境毒素。CYP2B6的活性在不同个体间差异很大,这主要是由于基因多态性导致的。例如,常见的突变如CYP2B6*6(由516G>T和785A>G两个单核苷酸多态性组成)会导致酶活性降低,从而影响药物代谢速率,可能导致药物在体内积累或疗效不足。CYP2B6的突变与多种疾病相关,例如在HIV治疗中,携带CYP2B6慢代谢基因型的患者使用依法韦仑时更容易出现中枢神经系统副作用。此外,CYP2B6的活性还与某些癌症的化疗效果相关,因为该酶参与激活或灭活一些化疗药物。当CYP2B6过表达时,可能导致某些药物代谢过快,降低药效;而表达降低时则可能增加药物毒性风险。CYP2B6的表达受多种因素调节,包括核受体如组成型雄烷受体(CAR)和孕烷X受体(PXR),这些受体可被某些药物或环境化合物激活,从而上调CYP2B6的表达。由于CYP2B6在药物代谢中的重要作用,其基因多态性已成为个体化用药的重要考量因素之一。
This gene, CYP2B6, encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and its expression is induced by phenobarbital. The enzyme is known to metabolize some xenobiotics, such as the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Transcript variants for this gene have been described; however, it has not been resolved whether these transcripts are in fact produced by this gene or by a closely related pseudogene, CYP2B7. Both the gene and the pseudogene are located in the middle of a CYP2A pseudogene found in a large cluster of cytochrome P450 genes from the CYP2A, CYP2B and CYP2F subfamilies on chromosome 19q. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因,CYP2B6,编码酶的细胞色素P450超家族的成员。细胞色素P450蛋白是能催化涉及药物代谢和胆固醇,类固醇和其他脂类的合成许多反应单加氧酶。此蛋白质定位于内质网和它的表达是由苯巴比妥诱导。酶是已知的代谢某些外源性化学物质,如抗癌药物环磷酰胺和ifosphamide。此基因转录物变体已有描述;然而,一直没有解决这些转录是否实际上由该基因或由一个密切相关的假基因,CYP2B7生产。两个基因和假基因位于从CYP2A,染色体上19Q CYP2B和CYP2F亚科大型集群的细胞色素P450基因发现CYP2A假基因的中间。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
CYP2B6基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
CYP2B6基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
590 Arachidonic acid metabolism [PATH:hsa00590] |
830 Retinol metabolism [PATH:hsa00830] |
980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 [PATH:hsa00980] |
982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 [PATH:hsa00982] |
名称 |
---|
Biological oxidations |
CYP2E1 reactions |
Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type |
Fatty acids |
Metabolism |
Phase 1 - Functionalization of compounds |
Xenobiotics |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Kidney Failure, Chronic | 0.123181358 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
gliosarcoma | 0.12 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human |
TOBACCO ADDICTION, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO (finding) | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
EFAVIRENZ, POOR METABOLISM OF | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
HIV Infections | 0.086135759 | 65 | 3 | BeFree_GAD |
Cholestasis | 0.080271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_mouse |
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | CTD_mouse |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.0205213 | 36 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Mammary Neoplasms | 0.009629949 | 11 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.00868614 | 32 | 0 | BeFree |
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