COX5A(细胞色素c氧化酶亚基5A)是线粒体电子传递链中关键酶复合物细胞色素c氧化酶(COX,复合物IV)的一个亚基,属于COX基因家族。该家族由多个核基因编码的亚基组成,共同参与构成COX复合物,其核心功能是将电子从细胞色素c传递给氧气并耦联质子泵送,驱动ATP合成。COX5A作为调节性亚基,具有组织特异性异构体(如COX5A在大多数组织中表达,而COX5B主要在肌肉和心脏中表达),通过构象变化调节酶活性以适应不同组织的能量需求。其表达产物定位于线粒体内膜,参与维持复合物的结构稳定性及氧还原效率。突变可能导致COX功能缺陷,引发线粒体疾病如Leigh综合征(表现为神经退行性病变、肌无力)或乳酸性酸中毒,因能量代谢障碍影响高耗能组织(神经、肌肉)。与癌症的关系研究中发现,COX5A在某些肿瘤中过表达可能通过增强氧化磷酸化支持癌细胞增殖,而敲低后会导致ATP产量下降、ROS积累并触发凋亡。该基因表达受缺氧诱导因子HIF-1α调控,低氧条件下表达可能被抑制以协调糖酵解转换。家族共性包括:均由核基因组编码后转运至线粒体、多数亚基具有高度进化保守性、共同维持复合物IV的催化核心(含铜/铁中心)及质子通道功能。COX5A过表达可能增强线粒体呼吸效率但加剧氧化应激,而表达降低则导致电子传递链阻塞、ATP合成减少并可能激活AMPK通路引发代谢重编程。
Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The complex consists of 13 mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded subunits. The mitochondrially-encoded subunits perform the electron transfer of proton pumping activities. The functions of the nuclear-encoded subunits are unknown but they may play a role in the regulation and assembly of the complex. This gene encodes the nuclear-encoded subunit Va of the human mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme. A pseudogene COX5AP1 has been found in chromosome 14q22. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)是线粒体呼吸链的终端酶。它是一种多亚基酶复合物耦合电子从色素c转移到分子氧并有助于跨线粒体内膜的质子电化学梯度。该建筑群包括13个mitochondrial-和核编码亚基。线粒体的编码亚基执行质子泵活动中电子转移。核编码的亚基的功能是未知的,但它们可能在复杂的调节和组装的作用。该基因编码的人类线粒体呼吸链酶的核编码亚基弗吉尼亚州。一个假COX5AP1已14q22染色体上被发现。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
COX5A基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
COX5A基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 190 Oxidative phosphorylation [PATH:hsa00190] |
| 4260 Cardiac muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04260] |
| 5010 Alzheimer's disease [PATH:hsa05010] |
| 5012 Parkinson's disease [PATH:hsa05012] |
| 5016 Huntington's disease [PATH:hsa05016] |
| 4932 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [PATH:hsa04932] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Gene Expression |
| Generic Transcription Pathway |
| Metabolism |
| Respiratory electron transport |
| Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins |
| The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport |
| TP53 Regulates Metabolic Genes |
| Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Carcinogenesis | 0.002171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 0.002171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.002171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.001628651 | 6 | 1 | BeFree |
| Breast Carcinoma | 0.001628651 | 6 | 1 | BeFree |
| Malignant tumor of colon | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colon Carcinoma | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| Leigh Disease | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
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