CKMT1A(Creatine Kinase Mitochondrial 1A)是线粒体肌酸激酶(CKMT)基因家族的一员,属于肌酸激酶(CK)超家族。该基因家族包括CKMT1A、CKMT1B、CKMT2等成员,主要功能是通过催化肌酸和ATP的可逆反应生成磷酸肌酸(PCr),为细胞提供快速能量缓冲系统,尤其在能量需求高的组织(如心脏、骨骼肌和大脑)中发挥关键作用。CKMT1A特异性地在线粒体基质中表达,其产物参与维持线粒体内的高能磷酸代谢,确保ATP的高效转运和能量稳态。该基因突变可能导致能量代谢紊乱,与线粒体肌病、心肌病和神经退行性疾病(如帕金森病)相关。若CKMT1A过表达,可能增强细胞的能量储备能力,但过度活跃可能扰乱ATP/ADP平衡,甚至引发氧化应激;而表达降低则会导致能量供应不足,影响肌肉收缩、神经传导等高耗能生理过程,加剧组织功能障碍。此外,CKMT1A与其他线粒体蛋白(如ANT和VDAC)协同作用,其表达异常可能干扰电子传递链效率。该基因家族共性在于均含保守的肌酸激酶结构域,通过磷酸肌酸穿梭机制维持细胞能量稳态,但亚细胞定位和组织分布存在差异。研究提示CKMT1A表达水平变化可能作为某些代谢性疾病或衰老相关疾病的生物标志物。
Mitochondrial creatine (MtCK) kinase is responsible for the transfer of high energy phosphate from mitochondria to the cytosolic carrier, creatine. It belongs to the creatine kinase isoenzyme family. It exists as two isoenzymes, sarcomeric MtCK and ubiquitous MtCK, encoded by separate genes. Mitochondrial creatine kinase occurs in two different oligomeric forms: dimers and octamers, in contrast to the exclusively dimeric cytosolic creatine kinase isoenzymes. Many malignant cancers with poor prognosis have shown overexpression of ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase; this may be related to high energy turnover and failure to eliminate cancer cells via apoptosis. Ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase has 80% homology with the coding exons of sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase. Two genes located near each other on chromosome 15 have been identified which encode identical mitochondrial creatine kinase proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
线粒体肌酸(MtCK)激酶是负责高能磷酸从线粒体转移到胞质载体,肌酸。它属于肌酸激酶同工酶的家庭。它的存在为两种同工酶,肌节MtCK和无处不在的MtCK,由不同的基因编码。线粒体肌酸激酶发生在两个不同的寡聚形式:二聚物和八聚体,与此相反的独占二聚体胞质肌酸激酶同工酶。预后较差,许多恶性肿瘤显示无处不在线粒体肌酸激酶的表达;这可能与高能量周转并未能经由凋亡来消除癌细胞。无处不在线粒体肌酸激酶具有肌节线粒体肌酸激酶的编码外显子的80%的同源性。靠近对方15号染色体上两个基因已经确定编码相同的线粒体肌酸激酶蛋白质。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
CKMT1A基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
CKMT1A基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
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330 Arginine and proline metabolism [PATH:hsa00330] |
名称 |
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Creatine metabolism |
Metabolism |
Metabolism of amino acids and derivatives |
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