CDC16是细胞分裂周期蛋白16(Cell Division Cycle 16)的简称,属于后期促进复合物/环体(APC/C,Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome)的核心亚基之一。APC/C是一个大型的E3泛素连接酶复合物,负责通过泛素-蛋白酶体系统调控细胞周期关键蛋白的降解,从而控制细胞周期的有序进行,尤其在姐妹染色单体分离和退出有丝分裂中起核心作用。CDC16与其他APC/C亚基(如CDC23、CDC27等)共同维持复合物的结构稳定性,并参与底物识别和催化活性的调节。其生物学功能主要体现在确保细胞分裂时染色体正确分离和细胞周期检查点的执行,防止非整倍体(染色体数目异常)和基因组不稳定的发生。若CDC16发生功能丧失性突变,可能导致APC/C组装或活性异常,引发姐妹染色单体提前分离、纺锤体检查点缺陷,最终造成染色体错误分配,与多种癌症(如结直肠癌、乳腺癌)的发生相关。此外,CDC16表达异常(过表达或低表达)可能破坏APC/C对细胞周期蛋白(如Cyclin B、Securin)的降解节奏,导致细胞周期阻滞或不受控增殖。例如,CDC16低表达可能使Cyclin B累积,延迟有丝分裂退出;而过表达可能干扰APC/C与其他调节因子(如CDH1、CDC20)的相互作用。CDC16属于APC/C基因家族,该家族成员均参与形成多亚基泛素连接酶复合物,通过特异性泛素化靶标蛋白来调控细胞周期、DNA修复等过程。目前针对CDC16的研究主要集中于其在肿瘤发生中的作用,以及作为潜在治疗靶点的可能性。专业术语解释:E3泛素连接酶(一种标记靶蛋白使其被蛋白酶体降解的酶)、非整倍体(染色体数目异常)、纺锤体检查点(确保染色体正确附着的监控机制)、泛素-蛋白酶体系统(细胞内蛋白质降解的主要途径)。原英文标注:APC/C(Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome)、Cyclin B(细胞周期蛋白B)、Securin(分离抑制蛋白)、CDH1(APC/C的激活亚基)、CDC20(APC/C的另一种激活因子)。
This gene encodes a component protein of the APC complex, which is composed of eight proteins and functions as a protein ubiquitin ligase. The APC complex is a cyclin degradation system that governs exit from mitosis. Each component protein of the APC complex is highly conserved among eukaryotic organisms. This protein and two other APC complex proteins, CDC23 and CDC27, contain a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR), a protein domain that may be involved in protein-protein interaction. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码在APC复合物,它是由八种蛋白质并用作蛋白质泛素连接酶的一个组成部分的蛋白质。 APC的复合体是细胞周期蛋白降解系统,有丝分裂支配退出。在APC复合物的各成分的蛋白是高度真核生物中是保守的。该蛋白质和其他两个APC的复杂蛋白质,CDC23和CDC27,含有三十四肽重复(TPR),这可能涉及蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的蛋白质结构域。多个可变剪接变体,编码相同的蛋白质,也已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
CDC16基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
CDC16基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4120 Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis [PATH:hsa04120] |
4110 Cell cycle [PATH:hsa04110] |
4114 Oocyte meiosis [PATH:hsa04114] |
4914 Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation [PATH:hsa04914] |
5166 HTLV-I infection [PATH:hsa05166] |
名称 |
---|
Activation of APC/C and APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins |
Adaptive Immune System |
Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation |
APC-Cdc20 mediated degradation of Nek2A |
APC:Cdc20 mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins prior to satisfation of the cell cycle checkpoint |
APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins |
APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Cyclin B |
APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins |
APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin |
APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 |
Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C |
Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A |
Cell Cycle |
Cell Cycle Checkpoints |
Cell Cycle, Mitotic |
Cellular responses to stress |
Cellular Senescence |
Class I MHC mediated antigen processing & presentation |
Conversion from APC/C:Cdc20 to APC/C:Cdh1 in late anaphase |
Immune System |
Inactivation of APC/C via direct inhibition of the APC/C complex |
Inhibition of the proteolytic activity of APC/C required for the onset of anaphase by mitotic spindle checkpoint components |
M Phase |
Mitotic Anaphase |
Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase |
Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint |
Phosphorylation of the APC/C |
Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase |
Regulation of mitotic cell cycle |
Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) |
Separation of Sister Chromatids |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Liver carcinoma | 0.002995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
Colonic Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
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