ATP2B1基因编码一种称为质膜钙转运ATP酶1(PMCA1)的蛋白质,属于P型ATP酶家族中的ATP2B基因家族(也称为质膜钙ATP酶家族或PMCAs)。这个家族的共同特点是利用ATP水解产生的能量将钙离子(Ca²⁺)从细胞质中主动转运到细胞外,从而维持细胞内钙离子浓度的稳态。钙离子是重要的第二信使,参与多种细胞过程,如肌肉收缩、神经传递、基因表达和细胞凋亡。ATP2B1广泛表达于各种组织中,尤其在脑、心脏和肾脏中表达较高,是维持基础钙外排的主要亚型。PMCA1作为管家蛋白,对细胞的生存至关重要。该基因的突变可能导致钙信号紊乱,与高血压、神经系统疾病和癌症等病理过程相关。例如,某些ATP2B1突变会降低钙泵活性,导致细胞内钙积累,可能引发血管平滑肌收缩异常,从而增加高血压风险。全基因组关联研究(GWAS)已发现ATP2B1基因多态性与原发性高血压显著相关。过表达ATP2B1可能增强钙外排能力,保护细胞免受钙超载引起的损伤,但过度表达可能干扰其他钙依赖性信号通路。相反,表达降低会导致细胞内钙清除能力下降,可能诱发钙依赖性细胞凋亡或异常增殖。在癌症中,ATP2B1表达变化与肿瘤转移相关,可能通过调节钙信号影响细胞迁移。ATP2B家族共有四个成员(ATP2B1-4),它们具有相似的结构和功能,但组织分布和钙亲和力不同。ATP2B1和ATP2B4是普遍表达的亚型,而ATP2B2和ATP2B3主要在特定组织(如神经元或听觉系统)中表达。这些蛋白质都含有10个跨膜结构域,并通过自抑制机制调节活性。ATP2B1作为组成型活跃的钙泵,对维持基础钙稳态尤为关键,而其他成员可能更多参与特定生理或病理条件下的钙调节。
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the family of P-type primary ion transport ATPases characterized by the formation of an aspartyl phosphate intermediate during the reaction cycle. These enzymes remove bivalent calcium ions from eukaryotic cells against very large concentration gradients and play a critical role in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The mammalian plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoforms are encoded by at least four separate genes and the diversity of these enzymes is further increased by alternative splicing of transcripts. The expression of different isoforms and splice variants is regulated in a developmental, tissue- and cell type-specific manner, suggesting that these pumps are functionally adapted to the physiological needs of particular cells and tissues. This gene encodes the plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 1. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质属于家庭P型初级离子迁移ATP酶特征天冬氨酰磷酸的反应周期期间中间体的形成。这些酶移除真核细胞中的二价钙离子对非常大的浓度梯度,发挥细胞内钙稳态的关键作用。哺乳动物质膜钙ATP酶同种型是通过至少四个分开的基因编码,并且这些酶的多样性被进一步增加转录物的可变剪接。不同同种型和剪接变体的表达在发育,组织 - 和细胞类型特异性的方式被限制,这表明这些泵在功能上适用于特定的细胞和组织的生理需要。该基因编码质膜钙ATP酶同种型1,可替代地剪接转录变体编码不同同种型也已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ATP2B1基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ATP2B1基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4020 Calcium signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04020] |
| 4024 cAMP signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04024] |
| 4022 cGMP - PKG signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04022] |
| 4261 Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes [PATH:hsa04261] |
| 4970 Salivary secretion [PATH:hsa04970] |
| 4972 Pancreatic secretion [PATH:hsa04972] |
| 4978 Mineral absorption [PATH:hsa04978] |
| 4961 Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption [PATH:hsa04961] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Hemostasis |
| Ion channel transport |
| Ion transport by P-type ATPases |
| Platelet calcium homeostasis |
| Platelet homeostasis |
| Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels |
| Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.332996872 | 17 | 12 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_GWASCAT_RGD |
| Blood pressure finding | 0.129468128 | 5 | 3 | GAD_GWASCAT |
| Systemic arterial pressure | 0.129468128 | 5 | 3 | GAD_GWASCAT |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 0.120271442 | 2 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Coronary heart disease | 0.120271442 | 2 | 1 | BeFree_GWASCAT |
| IGA Glomerulonephritis | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Cataract | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Mammary Neoplasms | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Cryptorchidism | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Essential Hypertension | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
山东省济南市章丘区文博路2号 齐鲁师范学院 genelibs生信实验室
山东省济南市高新区舜华路750号大学科技园北区F座4单元2楼
电话: 0531-88819269
E-mail: product@genelibs.com
关注微信订阅号,实时查看信息,关注医学生物学动态。