ARID1A(AT-rich interaction domain 1A)属于SWI/SNF染色质重塑复合物基因家族,该家族通过调节染色质结构(染色质是DNA和蛋白质的紧密组合体)来控制基因表达。ARID1A编码的蛋白质是SWI/SNF复合物的核心亚基,负责识别富含AT(腺嘌呤和胸腺嘧啶)的DNA序列,并利用ATP能量改变染色质结构,从而激活或抑制靶基因的转录(基因信息转化为蛋白质的过程)。该基因在细胞分化、增殖和DNA损伤修复中起关键作用,尤其在胚胎发育和肿瘤抑制中表现突出。ARID1A突变常见于多种癌症(如卵巢透明细胞癌、子宫内膜癌等),突变通常导致蛋白质功能丧失,破坏SWI/SNF复合物的稳定性,进而引发基因表达紊乱,促进肿瘤发生。其突变还可能导致错配修复缺陷(细胞无法正确修复DNA错误),增加基因组不稳定性。若ARID1A过表达,可能过度抑制某些促癌基因,但具体机制尚不明确;而表达降低时,会削弱染色质重塑功能,导致抑癌基因(如p53)通路失调,加速肿瘤发展。该基因家族(SWI/SNF)的共性是通过ATP依赖性方式重塑染色质,调控约5%的人类基因表达。其他成员如ARID1B与ARID1A功能部分冗余(基因功能重叠),但当ARID1A缺失时,ARID1B补偿不足仍会引发疾病。专业术语中,"染色质重塑"指动态调整染色质结构以暴露或隐藏DNA序列的过程;"错配修复"是细胞纠正DNA复制错误的机制。目前中文术语"AT-rich interaction domain"常直译为"AT富集相互作用结构域",但更准确的翻译应为"富含AT序列结合结构域"。
This gene encodes a member of the SWI/SNF family, whose members have helicase and ATPase activities and are thought to regulate transcription of certain genes by altering the chromatin structure around those genes. The encoded protein is part of the large ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SNF/SWI, which is required for transcriptional activation of genes normally repressed by chromatin. It possesses at least two conserved domains that could be important for its function. First, it has a DNA-binding domain that can specifically bind an AT-rich DNA sequence known to be recognized by a SNF/SWI complex at the beta-globin locus. Second, the C-terminus of the protein can stimulate glucocorticoid receptor-dependent transcriptional activation. It is thought that the protein encoded by this gene confers specificity to the SNF/SWI complex and may recruit the complex to its targets through either protein-DNA or protein-protein interactions. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码的SWI / SNF家族,其成员具有解旋酶和ATP酶活性,并且被认为通过改变周围那些基因的染色质结构调节某些基因的转录的成员。所编码的蛋白质是大ATP依赖的染色质重塑复合SNF / SW I,这是需要的基因的转录活化通常通过染色质压抑的一部分。它具有至少两个保守结构域可能是它的功能是重要的。第一,它具有可以特异性结合已知由在β-珠蛋白基因座的SNF / SWI复杂识别一个富含AT的DNA序列的DNA结合结构域。第二,该蛋白质的C-末端可刺激糖皮质激素受体依赖性转录激活。据认为,由该基因编码的蛋白质赋予特异性的SNF / SWI复杂,可能通过两种蛋白质-DNA或蛋白 - 蛋白相互作用招募复到它的目标。已发现该基因编码不同亚型的两个转录变异体。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ARID1A基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ARID1A基因的本体(GO)信息:
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Coffin-Siris syndrome | 0.240271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_ORPHANET |
Adenocarcinoma | 0.123267234 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Burkitt Lymphoma | 0.120542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Adenocarcinoma Of Esophagus | 0.120542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Neuroblastoma | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Cholangiocarcinoma | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell | 0.120271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Bladder Neoplasm | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Liver carcinoma | 0.12 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
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