AGT(Angiotensinogen)基因编码血管紧张素原,是肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的关键组成部分。血管紧张素原主要在肝脏合成并分泌到血液中,作为一种前体蛋白,在肾素的作用下被切割为血管紧张素I(Ang I),随后通过血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)转化为血管紧张素II(Ang II)。Ang II是一种强效的血管收缩剂,通过结合AT1和AT2受体调节血压、体液平衡和电解质代谢。此外,AGT还参与炎症反应、细胞增殖和纤维化过程。AGT基因突变可能影响其表达水平或蛋白功能,导致高血压、子痫前期或肾脏疾病等病理状态。例如,AGT基因的某些单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与原发性高血压风险增加相关。过表达AGT会导致Ang II水平升高,引发血管收缩增强、血压升高,并可能促进心血管疾病和肾脏损伤;而AGT表达降低则可能导致血压下降,但过度抑制可能影响正常的体液平衡。AGT属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂(serpin)超家族,但与其他serpin成员不同,它主要作为激素前体而非蛋白酶抑制剂发挥作用。该基因家族成员通常具有相似的三维结构,但功能多样,涉及凝血、炎症和激素调节等过程。
The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质,预血管紧张素原或血管紧张素原的前体,是在肝脏表达并且被酶肾素响应于降低血压裂解。所得到的产物,血管紧张素I,然后通过血管紧张素裂解转化酶(ACE),以产生生理活性酶的血管紧张素II。该蛋白质参与维持血压和原发性高血压和先兆子痫的发病机制。在这种基因突变与易感性高血压相关联,并且可引起肾小管发育不全,肾小管发展的一个严重障碍。在这个基因的缺陷也与非家族结构心房纤颤,和炎性肠病相关联。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
AGT基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
AGT基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 4614 Renin-angiotensin system [PATH:hsa04614] |
| 4270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction [PATH:hsa04270] |
| 5410 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) [PATH:hsa05410] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) |
| Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism |
| G alpha (i) signalling events |
| G alpha (q) signalling events |
| Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK |
| GPCR downstream signaling |
| GPCR ligand binding |
| Metabolism |
| Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins |
| Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| Peptide hormone metabolism |
| Peptide ligand-binding receptors |
| PPARA activates gene expression |
| Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) |
| Signal Transduction |
| Signaling by GPCR |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Allanson Pantzar McLeod syndrome | 0.480271442 | 3 | 3 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.44 | 546 | 5 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Myocardial Infarction | 0.247263357 | 53 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.240705144 | 57 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 0.217826744 | 7 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Heart failure | 0.216525617 | 32 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_RGD |
| Diabetic Retinopathy | 0.20827274 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Fibrosis | 0.207458414 | 7 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Focal glomerulosclerosis | 0.203538676 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN_RGD |
| Cardiomegaly | 0.2 | 16 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
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