ACTB(肌动蛋白β,Actin Beta)是细胞骨架的重要组成部分,属于肌动蛋白(Actin)基因家族。该家族包括六种亚型,分为α、β和γ三类,其中β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)和γ-肌动蛋白(γ-actin)主要在非肌肉细胞中表达,而α-肌动蛋白(α-actin)存在于肌肉细胞中。肌动蛋白家族的共性是其编码的蛋白质能够聚合形成微丝(microfilaments),参与细胞形态维持、运动、分裂、胞内运输及信号传导等关键生物学过程。ACTB基因编码的β-肌动蛋白是一种高度保守的蛋白质,几乎在所有真核细胞中表达,其功能依赖于动态聚合和解聚的平衡。该基因的主要作用位点是细胞质,通过与其他蛋白(如肌球蛋白myosin)相互作用完成收缩功能,同时在细胞迁移和粘附中起核心作用。突变可能破坏微丝结构或功能,导致细胞运动障碍或形态异常。例如,ACTB的杂合突变与Baraitser-Winter综合征(一种神经发育疾病,表现为智力障碍、癫痫和面部畸形)相关,而体细胞突变可能与某些癌症的转移有关。若ACTB过表达,可能增强细胞迁移能力,促进肿瘤侵袭;而表达降低则可能导致细胞骨架不稳定,影响细胞分裂或存活。此外,ACTB常被用作内参基因(housekeeping gene)用于实验中的表达量标准化,但其在某些条件下(如癌症或应激状态)表达可能波动,需谨慎使用。该基因的调控异常还与心血管疾病、炎症和神经退行性疾病有关,例如阿尔茨海默病中β-肌动蛋白的分布异常可能影响突触功能。
This gene encodes one of six different actin proteins. Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in cell motility, structure, and integrity. This actin is a major constituent of the contractile apparatus and one of the two nonmuscle cytoskeletal actins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
这个基因编码六个不同的肌动蛋白的蛋白质之一。肌动蛋白是高度保守的是参与细胞运动,结构和完整性的蛋白。此肌动蛋白是收缩装置的主要组成部分和两个非肌肉细胞骨架肌动蛋白中的一个。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ACTB基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ACTB基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4015 Rap1 signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04015] |
4390 Hippo signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04390] |
4145 Phagosome [PATH:hsa04145] |
4810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton [PATH:hsa04810] |
4510 Focal adhesion [PATH:hsa04510] |
4520 Adherens junction [PATH:hsa04520] |
4530 Tight junction [PATH:hsa04530] |
4611 Platelet activation [PATH:hsa04611] |
4670 Leukocyte transendothelial migration [PATH:hsa04670] |
4921 Oxytocin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04921] |
4919 Thyroid hormone signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04919] |
4971 Gastric acid secretion [PATH:hsa04971] |
5205 Proteoglycans in cancer [PATH:hsa05205] |
5410 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) [PATH:hsa05410] |
5412 Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) [PATH:hsa05412] |
5414 Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) [PATH:hsa05414] |
5416 Viral myocarditis [PATH:hsa05416] |
5110 Vibrio cholerae infection [PATH:hsa05110] |
5130 Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection [PATH:hsa05130] |
5132 Salmonella infection [PATH:hsa05132] |
5131 Shigellosis [PATH:hsa05131] |
5100 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells [PATH:hsa05100] |
5164 Influenza A [PATH:hsa05164] |
名称 |
---|
Axon guidance |
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding |
Chromatin modifying enzymes |
Chromatin organization |
Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding |
Developmental Biology |
EPH-Ephrin signaling |
EPHB-mediated forward signaling |
Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis |
Folding of actin by CCT/TriC |
Gene Expression |
HATs acetylate histones |
Immune System |
Innate Immune System |
Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 mRNA Binding Proteins (IGF2BPs/IMPs/VICKZs) bind RNA |
Metabolism of proteins |
Prefoldin mediated transfer of substrate to CCT/TriC |
Protein folding |
Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation |
RHO GTPase Effectors |
RHO GTPases Activate Formins |
RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs |
Signal Transduction |
Signaling by Rho GTPases |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Juvenile-onset dystonia | 0.48 | 1 | 1 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Iris Coloboma with Ptosis, Hypertelorism, and Mental Retardation | 0.24 | 1 | 16 | CLINVAR_UNIPROT |
Dystonia | 0.122995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Liver carcinoma | 0.121628651 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Myocardial Ischemia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Anoxia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Congenital neurologic anomalies | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Congenital ocular coloboma (disorder) | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Esophageal Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Neoplasm Invasiveness | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
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