ACSL5(长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶5,Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 5)属于ACSL基因家族,该家族共有5个成员(ACSL1、3、4、5、6),主要功能是催化长链脂肪酸(如棕榈酸、油酸)与辅酶A(CoA)结合形成脂酰辅酶A(acyl-CoA),这是脂肪酸代谢(如β-氧化、甘油三酯合成)的关键步骤。ACSL5定位于线粒体外膜和内质网,在肠道、肝脏和脂肪组织中高表达,其产物脂酰辅酶A参与能量供应、细胞膜形成和信号传导。该基因突变可能导致脂代谢紊乱,与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病相关。研究发现ACSL5过表达会促进脂肪酸向甘油三酯转化,加剧脂肪堆积,而敲低其表达则可能减少脂质储存并增强脂肪酸氧化。ACSL5还与结直肠癌相关,过表达时通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路促进肿瘤细胞增殖。ACSL基因家族的共性在于均含AMP结合域和脂肪酸底物识别域,但各成员组织分布和亚细胞定位不同,赋予代谢调控特异性。专业术语解释:辅酶A(CoA)是代谢中携带酰基的辅助分子;β-氧化指脂肪酸分解产生能量的过程;Wnt/β-catenin是调控细胞生长的经典通路。若存在术语差异,"脂酰辅酶A"亦可称"脂肪酰辅酶A"(fatty acyl-CoA)。
The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme is highly expressed in uterus and spleen, and in trace amounts in normal brain, but has markedly increased levels in malignant gliomas. This gene functions in mediating fatty acid-induced glioma cell growth. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是长链脂肪酸辅酶A连接酶家族的同工酶。虽然在底物特异性,亚细胞定位和组织分布不同,该家族的所有同工酶转换自由长链脂肪酸进入脂肪酰基辅酶A酯,从而起到脂质生物合成和脂肪酸降解的关键作用。此同功酶在子宫和脾脏高度表达,而在微量正常脑,但在恶性神经胶质瘤显着增强的水平。在介导脂肪酸诱导的神经胶质瘤细胞的生长这个基因的功能。已发现该基因编码的两种不同亚型三个抄本变形。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
ACSL5基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
ACSL5基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| 1212 Fatty acid metabolism [PATH:hsa01212] |
| 61 Fatty acid biosynthesis [PATH:hsa00061] |
| 71 Fatty acid degradation [PATH:hsa00071] |
| 4146 Peroxisome [PATH:hsa04146] |
| 4920 Adipocytokine signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04920] |
| 3320 PPAR signaling pathway [PATH:hsa03320] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism |
| Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis |
| Metabolism |
| Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins |
| Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs |
| Triglyceride Biosynthesis |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Arthritis, Experimental | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Glioma | 0.003267234 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Metaplasia | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Tobacco Use Disorder | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Weight Loss Adverse Event | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Adenoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Postmenopausal endometrium | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Adenocarcinoma, Endometrioid | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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