Respiration patterns during feeding in Rett syndrome.

Feeding problems are common in Rett syndrome in which there are characteristic oropharyngeal abnormalities. This study investigated the ways in which individuals regulated their respiration accordingly, and how this affected their overall feeding ability. Respiration during feeding was studied in 28 individuals, recording nasal airflow, chest and abdominal movements, and swallow sounds. Time to first swallow was defined as that between introduction of liquid/solid on a spoon and the first swallow. Six individuals also had videofluoroscopy with simultaneous respiration monitoring. Results indicated different respiratory patterns according to the time to first swallow and neurological status; the amount of time spent in apnoea was particularly important. Videofluoroscopy showed that apnoeas occurred most often when liquid was delayed in the pharynx, but this could be overcome in subjects with a lower level of disability. The carer's estimate of the time for feeding was significantly related to the time spent in apnoea with liquids.