Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 9298983 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Delayed retraction of filopodia in gelsolin null mice.

The Journal of cell biology ·Vol. 138 ·No. 6 ·1997-09-22 ·Pages 1279-87

Lu M, Witke W, Kwiatkowski DJ, Kosik KS

Abstract

Growth cones extend dynamic protrusions called filopodia and lamellipodia as exploratory probes that signal the direction of neurite growth. Gelsolin, as an actin filament-severing protein, may serve an important role in the rapid shape changes associated with growth cone structures. In wild-type (wt) hippocampal neurons, antibodies against gelsolin labeled the neurite shaft and growth cone. The behavior of filopodia in cultured hippocampal neurons from embryonic day 17 wt and gelsolin null (Gsn-) mice (Witke, W., A.H. Sharpe, J.H. Hartwig, T. Azuma, T.P. Stossel, and D.J. Kwiatkowski. 1995. Cell. 81:41-51.) was recorded with time-lapse video microscopy. The number of filopodia along the neurites was significantly greater in Gsn- mice and gave the neurites a studded appearance. Dynamic studies suggested that most of these filopodia were formed from the region of the growth cone and remained as protrusions from the newly consolidated shaft after the growth cone advanced. Histories of individual filopodia in Gsn- mice revealed elongation rates that did not differ from controls but an impaired retraction phase that probably accounted for the increased number of filopodia long the neutrite shaft. Gelsolin appears to function in the initiation of filopodial retraction and in its smooth progression.

MeSH Terms
Animals Cell Size/physiology Cells, Cultured Gelsolin/genetics Hippocampus/cytology Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Knockout/physiology Microscopy, Video Neurites/physiology,ultrastructure Neurons/chemistry,physiology,ultrastructure Pseudopodia/physiology
Chemicals
Gelsolin
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lu M
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Witke W
Kwiatkowski D J
Kosik K S
References (45)
45 references, click to expand
  1. Control of cytoplasmic actin gel-sol transformation by gelsolin, a calcium-dependent regulatory protein.
    Nature. 1979 Oct 18;281(5732):583-6 PMID: 492320
  2. Gelsolin-polyphosphoinositide interaction. Full expression of gelsolin-inhibiting function by polyphosphoinositides in vesicular form and inactivation by dilution, aggregation, or masking of the inositol head group.
    J Biol Chem. 1989 Mar 25;264(9):4825-31 PMID: 2538463
  3. Growth of neurites without filopodial or lamellipodial activity in the presence of cytochalasin B.
    J Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;99(6):2041-7 PMID: 6389568
  4. Further thoughts on directional cell movement during morphogenesis.
    J Neurosci Res. 1985;13(1-2):1-19 PMID: 3882970
  5. Interactions of gelsolin and gelsolin-actin complexes with actin. Effects of calcium on actin nucleation, filament severing, and end blocking.
    Biochemistry. 1985 Jul 2;24(14):3714-23 PMID: 2994715
  6. Suppression of neurite elongation and growth cone motility by electrical activity.
    Science. 1986 Jun 27;232(4758):1638-40 PMID: 3715470
  7. Disoriented pathfinding by pioneer neurone growth cones deprived of filopodia by cytochalasin treatment.
    Nature. 1986 Oct 23-29;323(6090):712-5 PMID: 3773996
  8. Stages in axon formation: observations of growth of Aplysia axons in culture using video-enhanced contrast-differential interference contrast microscopy.
    J Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;103(5):1921-31 PMID: 3782290
  9. Rate constants for the reactions of ATP- and ADP-actin with the ends of actin filaments.
    J Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;103(6 Pt 2):2747-54 PMID: 3793756
  10. Modulation of gelsolin function by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
    Nature. 1987 Jan 22-28;325(6102):362-4 PMID: 3027569
  11. Polyphosphoinositide micelles and polyphosphoinositide-containing vesicles dissociate endogenous gelsolin-actin complexes and promote actin assembly from the fast-growing end of actin filaments blocked by gelsolin.
    J Biol Chem. 1987 Sep 5;262(25):12228-36 PMID: 3040735
  12. Evidence that calcium may control neurite outgrowth by regulating the stability of actin filaments.
    J Cell Biol. 1989 Sep;109(3):1229-43 PMID: 2504729
  13. Transient expression of laminin immunoreactivity in the developing rat hippocampus.
    J Neurocytol. 1989 Aug;18(4):451-63 PMID: 2509639
  14. Distribution and possible interactions of actin-associated proteins and cell adhesion molecules of nerve growth cones.
    Development. 1989 Mar;105(3):505-19 PMID: 2612362
  15. Inhibition of actin regulatory activity of the 74-kDa protein from bovine adrenal medulla (adseverin) by some phospholipids.
    J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 5;265(19):10940-2 PMID: 2162826
  16. Expression of scinderin, an actin filament-severing protein, in different tissues.
    FEBS Lett. 1990 Jul 30;268(1):209-12 PMID: 2166683
  17. Alpha-actinins, calspectin (brain spectrin or fodrin), and actin participate in adhesion and movement of growth cones.
    Neuron. 1989 Sep;3(3):311-9 PMID: 2642000
  18. Enhanced motility in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts that overexpress gelsolin.
    Science. 1991 Mar 8;251(4998):1233-6 PMID: 1848726
  19. Rapid effects of laminin on the growth cone.
    Neuron. 1992 Jan;8(1):107-15 PMID: 1730003
  20. Myosin II distribution in neurons is consistent with a role in growth cone motility but not synaptic vesicle mobilization.
    Neuron. 1992 Jan;8(1):25-44 PMID: 1730005
  21. Influence of substrate on retraction of neurites following electrical activity of leech Retzius cells in culture.
    J Exp Biol. 1992 Jun;167:1-14 PMID: 1634859
  22. Regulation of neuronal growth cone filopodia by intracellular calcium.
    J Neurosci. 1992 Aug;12(8):3175-86 PMID: 1494951
  23. Nerve growth cone lamellipodia contain two populations of actin filaments that differ in organization and polarity.
    J Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;119(5):1219-43 PMID: 1447299
  24. Depolarization-induced changes in neurite elongation and intracellular Ca2+ in isolated Helisoma neurons.
    J Neurobiol. 1992 Oct;23(8):983-96 PMID: 1460468
  25. Primary structure and cellular localization of chicken brain myosin-V (p190), an unconventional myosin with calmodulin light chains.
    J Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;119(6):1541-57 PMID: 1469047
  26. Developmental mechanisms that generate precise patterns of neuronal connectivity.
    Cell. 1993 Jan;72 Suppl:77-98 PMID: 8428376
  27. Role of substrate and calcium in neurite retraction of leech neurons following depolarization.
    J Neurosci. 1993 Mar;13(3):1292-301 PMID: 8441011
  28. Modulation of gelsolin function. Activation at low pH overrides Ca2+ requirement.
    J Biol Chem. 1993 Apr 25;268(12):8999-9004 PMID: 8386174
  29. Navigational errors made by growth cones without filopodia in the embryonic Xenopus brain.
    Neuron. 1993 Aug;11(2):237-51 PMID: 8352941
  30. Brain myosin-V is a two-headed unconventional myosin with motor activity.
    Cell. 1993 Oct 8;75(1):13-23 PMID: 8402892
  31. Localization and characterization of gelsolin in nervous tissues: gelsolin is specifically enriched in myelin-forming cells.
    J Neurosci. 1994 Mar;14(3 Pt 1):1038-52 PMID: 8120612
  32. Gelsolin is localized in neuronal growth cones.
    Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1993 Dec 17;76(2):268-71 PMID: 8149595
  33. Disruption of microfilaments in growth cones following depolarization and calcium influx.
    J Neurosci. 1994 Dec;14(12):7511-20 PMID: 7996192
  34. Hemostatic, inflammatory, and fibroblast responses are blunted in mice lacking gelsolin.
    Cell. 1995 Apr 7;81(1):41-51 PMID: 7720072
  35. Making the connection: cytoskeletal rearrangements during growth cone guidance.
    Cell. 1995 Oct 20;83(2):171-6 PMID: 7585934
  36. Essential role of filopodia in chemotropic turning of nerve growth cone induced by a glutamate gradient.
    J Neurosci. 1996 Feb 1;16(3):1140-9 PMID: 8558243
  37. The ADF/cofilin proteins: stimulus-responsive modulators of actin dynamics.
    Mol Biol Cell. 1995 Nov;6(11):1423-31 PMID: 8589446
  38. Myosin drives retrograde F-actin flow in neuronal growth cones.
    Neuron. 1996 Apr;16(4):769-82 PMID: 8607995
  39. Control of actin assembly at filament ends.
    Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 1995;11:497-518 PMID: 8689567
  40. Function of myosin-V in filopodial extension of neuronal growth cones.
    Science. 1996 Aug 2;273(5275):660-3 PMID: 8662560
  41. Distribution and cellular localization of actin depolymerizing factor.
    J Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;105(6 Pt 1):2817-25 PMID: 3320057
  42. Actions of cytochalasins on the organization of actin filaments and microtubules in a neuronal growth cone.
    J Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;107(4):1505-16 PMID: 3170637
  43. Growth cone motility and guidance.
    Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1988;4:43-61 PMID: 2461722
  44. The organization of myosin and actin in rapid frozen nerve growth cones.
    J Cell Biol. 1989 Jan;108(1):95-109 PMID: 2642912
  45. Ca2+ control of actin filament length. Effects of macrophage gelsolin on actin polymerization.
    J Biol Chem. 1981 Sep 25;256(18):9693-7 PMID: 6270098
Article Info
Journal
The Journal of cell biology
Abbr.
J Cell Biol
ISSN
0021-9525
DOI
10.1083/jcb.138.6.1279
Published
1997-09-22
Pages
1279-87
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0375356
PMCID
PMC2132546
Subset
IM
Grants
NHLBI NIH HHS · HL54188 · United States
NINDS NIH HHS · NS07009-21 · United States
NINDS NIH HHS · NS29031 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1083/jcb.138.6.1279 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2