Self-administration of the GABAA antagonist bicuculline into the ventral tegmental area in mice: dependence on D2 dopaminergic mechanisms.

BALB/c mice were unilaterally implanted with a guide cannula, the tip of which was positioned 1.5 mm above the ventral tegmental area (VTA). On each day of the experimental period, a stainless steel injection cannula was inserted into the VTA in order to study the eventual self-administration of a low dose (1.5 ng/50 nl) of bicuculline, a GABAA-antagonist, using a spatial discrimination task in a Y maze. Mice rapidly discriminated between the arm enabling a micro-injection of bicuculline and the neutral arm of the maze, and robust self-administration of this GABAergic antagonist was observed. Once this self-administration response for bicuculline had been fully acquired, the systemic injection of the dopaminergic D2 antagonist sulpiride (50 mg/kg), 30 min before the test, produced a rapid extinction of the self-administration response. Moreover, if this same sulpiride pretreatment was given during the initial acquisition period mice did not discriminate between the two arms of the Y-maze. These data demonstrate the dopamine D2 dependence of this bicuculline self-administration behavior, and confirm that GABAergic interneurons and/or inputs normally transynaptically inhibit neuronal activity in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system.