Characterization of F18 fimbrial genes fedE and fedF involved in adhesion and length of enterotoxemic Escherichia coli strain 107/86.

Infection of susceptible weaned pigs with oedema disease strains of E. coli is associated with bacterial adhesion to the small intestine. F18 fimbria (previously named F107) was the first colonisation factor described on oedema disease strains, and its genetic determinant was cloned. In the present study, genes fedE and fedF were positioned in the F18 gene cluster, downstream of the major structural subunit gene fedA. Two fedE and two fedF mutants were identified that had lost their capacity to adhere to isolated porcine villi. Moreover, these mutants produced significantly longer fimbriae. In vitro adhesion tests, electron microscopy study, transcomplementation tests, and nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that proteins FedE and FedF are F18 minor subunits essential for fimbrial adhesion and effecting fimbrial length.