Conformation of (2-->1)-beta-D-fructan in aqueous solution.

The conformation and dilute solution properties of (2-->1)-beta-D-fructan in aqueous solution were studied by gel permeation chromatography, low-angle laser light-scattering photometry, viscometry, small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopy. Fractions covering a broad range of weight-average molecular weights (Mw) from 1.49 x 10(4) to 5.29 x 10(6) were obtained from a native sample by ultrasonic degradation and fractional precipitation. For Mw < 4 x 10(4), the intrinsic viscosity [eta] varies with Mw0.71, indicating that the fructan chain behaves as a random coil expanded by an excluded-volume effect in this molecular weight region. For Mw > 10(5), [eta] exhibits an unusually weak dependence on Mw and finally becomes almost independent of molecular weight. This behaviour is interpreted in terms of a globular conformation of the high-molecular-weight fructan molecules. Small-angle X-ray-scattering measurements and electron microscopic observations support this interpretation of the values of [eta] observed.