Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 7624327 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

A defective signal peptide in the maize high-lysine mutant floury 2.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 92 ·No. 15 ·1995-07-18 ·Pages 6828-31

Coleman CE, Lopes MA, Gillikin JW, Boston RS, Larkins BA

Abstract

The maize floury 2 (fl2) mutation enhances the lysine content of the grain, but the soft texture of the endosperm makes it unsuitable for commercial production. The mutant phenotype is linked with the appearance of a 24-kDa alpha-zein protein and increased synthesis of binding protein, both of which are associated with irregularly shaped protein bodies. We have cloned the gene encoding the 24-kDa protein and show that it is expressed as a 22-kDa alpha-zein with an uncleaved signal peptide. Comparison of the deduced N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 24-kDa alpha-zein protein with other alpha-zeins revealed an alanine to valine substitution at the C-terminal position of the signal peptide, a histidine insertion within the seventh alpha-helical repeat, and an alanine to threonine substitution with the same alpha-helical repeat of the protein. Structural defects associated with this alpha-zein explain many of the phenotypic effects of the fl2 mutation.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Blotting, Southern Cloning, Molecular Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional Genetic Linkage Lysine/analysis Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length Protein Precursors/genetics Protein Processing, Post-Translational Protein Sorting Signals/genetics Seeds/chemistry,genetics Sequence Analysis Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Zea mays/chemistry,genetics Zein/chemistry,genetics
Chemicals
Protein Precursors Protein Sorting Signals Zein Lysine
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Coleman C E
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Lopes M A
Gillikin J W
Boston R S
Larkins B A
References (33)
33 references, click to expand
  1. Effects of floury-2 locus on zein accumulation and RNA metabolism during maize endosperm development.
    Biochem Genet. 1978 Feb;16(1-2):27-38 PMID: 646784
  2. Genetic regulation of storaage protein content in maize endosperm.
    Biochem Genet. 1976 Aug;14(7-8):641-50 PMID: 985383
  3. A zein signal sequence functions as a signal-anchor when fused to maize alcohol dehydrogenase.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Sep 30;1068(2):179-88 PMID: 1716987
  4. Synthesis and deposition of zein in protein bodies of maize endosperm.
    Plant Physiol. 1978 Aug;62(2):256-63 PMID: 16660496
  5. A new method for predicting signal sequence cleavage sites.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jun 11;14(11):4683-90 PMID: 3714490
  6. MUTANT GENE THAT CHANGES PROTEIN COMPOSITION AND INCREASES LYSINE CONTENT OF MAIZE ENDOSPERM.
    Science. 1964 Jul 17;145(3629):279-80 PMID: 14171571
  7. The origin of lysine-containing proteins in opaque-2 maize endosperm.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1993 Nov;23(4):825-38 PMID: 8251635
  8. Protein folding in the cell: the role of molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp60.
    Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct. 1992;21:293-322 PMID: 1525471
  9. Invertase signal and mature sequence substitutions that delay intercompartmental transport of active enzyme.
    J Cell Biol. 1985 May;100(5):1664-75 PMID: 3886671
  10. Solution conformational analysis of the alpha-zein proteins of maize.
    J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 15;268(35):26253-9 PMID: 8253747
  11. Patterns of amino acids near signal-sequence cleavage sites.
    Eur J Biochem. 1983 Jun 1;133(1):17-21 PMID: 6852022
  12. Characterization of an immunoglobulin binding protein homolog in the maize floury-2 endosperm mutant.
    Plant Cell. 1991 May;3(5):483-96 PMID: 1840923
  13. Molecular characterization of two types of 22 kilodalton alpha-zein genes in a gene cluster in maize.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1992 Aug;234(2):244-53 PMID: 1508150
  14. Human coagulation factor X deficiency caused by a mutant signal peptide that blocks cleavage by signal peptidase but not targeting and translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum.
    J Biol Chem. 1993 Mar 15;268(8):5735-40 PMID: 8449937
  15. A structural model for maize zein proteins.
    J Biol Chem. 1982 Sep 10;257(17):9984-90 PMID: 7107620
  16. Antithrombin Dublin (-3 Val----Glu): an N-terminal variant which has an aberrant signal peptidase cleavage site.
    FEBS Lett. 1990 Oct 29;273(1-2):87-90 PMID: 1977621
  17. Transposon tagging and molecular analysis of the maize regulatory locus opaque-2.
    Science. 1987 Nov 13;238(4829):960-3 PMID: 2823388
  18. Three high-lysine mutations control the level of ATP-binding HSP70-like proteins in the maize endosperm.
    Plant Cell. 1991 May;3(5):507-15 PMID: 1688125
  19. Analysis of sequence microheterogeneity among zein messenger RNAs.
    J Biol Chem. 1982 Sep 10;257(17):9976-83 PMID: 6286660
  20. Opaque-2 is a transcriptional activator that recognizes a specific target site in 22-kD zein genes.
    Plant Cell. 1992 Jun;4(6):689-700 PMID: 1392590
  21. Increased expression of the maize immunoglobulin binding protein homolog b-70 in three zein regulatory mutants.
    Plant Cell. 1991 May;3(5):497-505 PMID: 1840924
  22. Loss of BiP/GRP78 function blocks translocation of secretory proteins in yeast.
    J Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;110(6):1885-95 PMID: 2190988
  23. Changes in the zein composition of protein bodies during maize endosperm development.
    Plant Cell. 1989 Oct;1(10):1011-23 PMID: 2562552
  24. Second Mutant Gene Affecting the Amino Acid Pattern of Maize Endosperm Proteins.
    Science. 1965 Dec 10;150(3702):1469-70 PMID: 17782299
  25. High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins.
    J Biol Chem. 1975 May 25;250(10):4007-21 PMID: 236308
  26. Studies of the zein-like alpha-prolamins based on an analysis of amino acid sequences: implications for their evolution and three-dimensional structure.
    Proteins. 1993 Jan;15(1):88-99 PMID: 8451243
  27. Three mutations in Zea mays affecting zein accumulation: a comparison of zein polypeptides, in vitro synthesis and processing, mRNA levels, and genomic organization.
    J Cell Biol. 1982 Jul;94(1):201-6 PMID: 7119014
  28. Peptide binding and release by proteins implicated as catalysts of protein assembly.
    Science. 1989 Jul 28;245(4916):385-90 PMID: 2756425
  29. Multiple zeins from maize endosperms characterized by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography.
    Plant Physiol. 1991 Mar;95(3):777-86 PMID: 16668053
  30. Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley: mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(24):8014-8 PMID: 6096873
  31. Folding of nascent polypeptide chains in a high molecular mass assembly with molecular chaperones.
    Nature. 1994 Jul 14;370(6485):111-7 PMID: 8022479
  32. Synthesis of an unusual alpha-zein protein is correlated with the phenotypic effects of the floury2 mutation in maize.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1994 Dec 1;245(5):537-47 PMID: 7808405
  33. The opaque-2 mutation of maize differentially reduces zein gene transcription.
    Plant Cell. 1989 Jan;1(1):105-14 PMID: 2535458
Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.92.15.6828
Published
1995-07-18
Pages
6828-31
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC41422
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM36970 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
L34340
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.15.6828 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2