Aldosterone and corticosterone binding and effects on Na+ transport in cultured kidney cells.

A continuous line of cells (A6) derived from toad kidney has been shown to form epithelia in culture that manifest aldosterone-stimulatable transepithelial sodium transport. In this study an efficient filtration assay for nuclear binding of [3H]aldosterone was validated. Specific high-affinity aldosterone and corticosterone binding sites in the particulate (nuclear-enriched) fraction were characterized in intact epithelia. Despite metabolism of both steroids, two high-affinity binding sites for each were demonstrable: aldosterone, K'd1 = 0.85 (+/- 0.19) X 10(-10) and K'd2 = 1.6 (+/- 0.42) X 10(-8) M; corticosterone, K'd1 = 0.5 (+/- 0.31) X 10(-10) and K'd2 = 0.32 (+/- 0.19) X 10(-8) M. Analogue competition-binding studies indicated a qualitative difference in the two sites and co-occupancy of both sites by the two steroids. The sodium transport response to aldosterone and corticosterone approximated a linear function of occupancy of the lower affinity sites. Although the lower affinity sites resemble mammalian glucocorticoid receptors in terms of relative binding affinities for analogues, we conclude that they are the receptors which mediate the aldosterone and corticosterone stimulation of Na+ transport in these epithelia.