ATP-energized Ca2+ pump in isolated transverse tubules of skeletal muscle.

A modified protocol for isolation of transverse tubules incorporated an extra stage of purification. The existence of an ATP-energized Ca2+ pump in transverse tubules isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle has been demonstrated. Isolated transverse tubules had a Ca-ATPase activity of 0.78 mu mol/min . mg; this was 300% in excess of that activity attributable to sarcoplasmic reticulum contamination. The distribution of part of the CaATPase activity and ATP-energized Ca2+ uptake coincided with the distribution of transverse tubules in isopycnic sucrose gradients loaded with mechanically disrupted triad junctions. Transverse tubules accumulated over 70 nmol of Ca2+/mg of protein; this uptake was abolished by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. Neither digitoxin nor monensin inhibited Ca2+ uptake, indicating that Ca2+ accumulation did not occur through a sodium/calcium exchange. Conditions for half-maximal Ca2+ uptake were 5 micro M free Ca2+ and 10 micro M ATP. The Ca2+ pump of isolated transverse tubules was distinguished from the Ca2+ pump of sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma in that the transverse tubule Ca2+ pump: 1) was not enhanced by oxalate; 2) was not energized by acetyl phosphate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate, or 3-O-methylfluorescein phosphate; and 3) did not hydrolyze p-nitrophenyl phosphate or 3-O-methyl-fluorescein phosphate. Using Ca2+-dependent 3-O-methylfluorescein phosphatase as a marker for sarcoplasmic reticulum, the contamination of the transverse tubule preparation was calculated to be 6%. This agreed with a contamination level of 5% estimated by freeze-fracture electron microscopy.