In vitro binding and in vivo clearance of human alpha 2-macroglobulin after reaction with endoproteases from four different classes.

The binding of human alpha 2-macroglobulin complexed with trypsin, papain, thermolysin and cathepsin-D to murine macrophages was studied at 4 degrees C. Similar dissociation constants (0.4 nM) were determined for all of the complexes except alpha 2-macroglobulin-cathepsin-D (0.7 nM). Radioiodinated alpha 2-macroglobulin-protease complexes were injected into mice, and the clearance studied. Native alpha 2-macroglobulin cleared slowly, as previously reported, while greater than 50% of the complexes formed with trypsin, papain and thermolysin cleared in less than 5 min. The clearance of alpha 2-macroglobulin-cathepsin-D was biphasic, suggesting that only about half the alpha 2-macroglobulin was present in a reacted complex.