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PMID: 4555404 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

Multiple regulator gene control of the galactose operon in Escherichia coli K-12.

Journal of bacteriology ·Vol. 110 ·No. 3 ·1972-06-00 ·Pages 1089-99

Hua SS, Markovitz A

Abstract

Previous studies showed that nonsense mutations in either of two genes (capR or capS) or an undefined mutation in a third gene (capT) led to pleiotropic effects: (i) increased capsular polysaccharide synthesis (mucoid phenotype); (ii) increased synthesis of enzymes specified by at least four spatially separated operons involved in synthesis of capsular polysaccharide including the product of the galE gene, UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2) in capR mutants. The present study demonstrated that the entire galactose (gal) operon (galE, galT, and galK) is derepressed by mutations in either the capR or the capT genes, but not by mutation in capS. Double mutants (capR9 capT) were no more derepressed than the capR9 mutant, indicating that capR9 and capT regulate the gal operon via a common pathway. Isogenic double mutants containing either galR(+), galR(-), galR(s), or galO(c) in combination with either capR(+) or capR9 were prepared and analyzed for enzymes of the gal operon. The results demonstrated that capR9 caused derepression as compared to capR(+) in all of the combinations. Strains with a galR(s) mutation are not induced, for the gal operon, by any galactose compound including d-fucose, and this was confirmed in the present study using d-fucose. Nevertheless, the derepression of galR(s) capR9 compared to galR(s) capR(+) was four- to sixfold. The same derepression was observed when galR(+)capR9 was compared to galR(+)capR(+). The data eliminate the explanation that internal induction of the gal operon by a galactose derivative was causing increased gal operon enzyme synthesis in capR or capT mutants. Furthermore, the same data suggest that the galR and capR genes are acting independently to derepress the gal operon. A modified model for the structure of the gal operon is proposed to explain these results. The new feature of the model is that two operator sites are suggested, one to combine with the galR repressor and one to combine with the capR repressor.

MeSH Terms
Binding Sites Cell-Free System Chromosome Mapping Conjugation, Genetic Culture Media Enzyme Induction Enzyme Repression Escherichia coli/enzymology,growth & development,metabolism Fucose/metabolism Galactose/metabolism Genes, Regulator Glucose/metabolism Glycerol/metabolism Isomerases/metabolism Models, Chemical Mutation Nucleotidyltransferases/metabolism Operon Phosphotransferases/metabolism Polysaccharides, Bacterial/biosynthesis Succinates/metabolism Transduction, Genetic
Chemicals
Culture Media Polysaccharides, Bacterial Succinates Fucose Phosphotransferases Nucleotidyltransferases Isomerases Glucose Glycerol Galactose
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hua S S
Markovitz A
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52 references, click to expand
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of bacteriology
Abbr.
J Bacteriol
ISSN
0021-9193
DOI
10.1128/jb.110.3.1089-1099.1972
Published
1972-06-00
Pages
1089-99
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
2985120R
PMCID
PMC247532
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/jb.110.3.1089-1099.1972 PMC Full Text View journal details
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