Arachidonic acid metabolites stimulate phosphatidylcholine secretion in primary cultures of type II pneumocytes.

There is evidence from whole animal and intact lung studies that prostaglandins are involved in the regulation of surfactant secretion. To explore this further we examined the effect of arachidonic acid on secretion of phosphatidylcholine in primary cultures of adult rat type II pneumocytes. Arachidonic acid stimulated phosphatidylcholine secretion and this effect was dependent on concentration in the range 1-8 microM. Arachidonic acid (8 microM) stimulated secretion by 79% from a basal rate of 1.17% total cellular phosphatidylcholine secreted in 90 min to 2.09%. We examined the effects of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism on the stimulatory effect. Nordihydroguairaretic acid (0.1 microM), a lipoxygenase inhibitor, reduced the stimulatory effect by 64%. The same concentration of cyclooxygenase inhibitors had no effect. We conclude that arachidonic acid metabolites stimulate surfactant secretion in type II cells. Whether this effect is mediated by leukotrienes or other products remains to be established.