Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 3858827 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Incomplete X chromosome dosage compensation in chorionic villi of human placenta.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 82 ·No. 10 ·1985-05-00 ·Pages 3390-4

Migeon BR, Wolf SF, Axelman J, Kaslow DC, Schmidt M

Abstract

Studies of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in heterozygous cells from chorionic villi of five fetal and one newborn placenta show that the locus on the allocyclic X is expressed in many cells of this trophectoderm derivative. Heterodimers were present in clonal populations of cells with normal diploid karyotype and a late replicating X chromosome. The expression of the two X chromosomes was unequal, based on ratios of homodimers and heterodimers in clones. Studies of DNA, digested with Hpa II and probed with cloned genomic G6PD sequences, indicate that expression of the locus in chorionic villi is associated with hypomethylation of 3' CpG clusters. These findings suggest that dosage compensation, at least at the G6PD locus, has not been well established or maintained (or both) in placental tissue. Furthermore, the active X chromosome in these human cells of trophoblastic origin can be either the paternal or maternal one; therefore, paternal X inactivation in extraembryonic lineages is not an essential feature of mammalian X dosage compensation.

MeSH Terms
Cells, Cultured Chorion/physiology DNA Replication Dosage Compensation, Genetic Female Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/genetics Heterozygote Humans Placenta/physiology Pregnancy X Chromosome/physiology
Chemicals
Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Migeon B R
Wolf S F
Axelman J
Kaslow D C
Schmidt M
References (22)
22 references, click to expand
  1. X-chromosome inactivation and developmental patterns in mammals.
    Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1972 Jan;47(1):1-35 PMID: 4554151
  2. Clusters of CpG dinucleotides implicated by nuclease hypersensitivity as control elements of housekeeping genes.
    Nature. 1985 Apr 4-10;314(6010):467-9 PMID: 2984578
  3. DNA modification mechanisms and gene activity during development.
    Science. 1975 Jan 24;187(4173):226-32 PMID: 1111098
  4. Preferential inactivation of the paternally derived X chromosome in the extraembryonic membranes of the mouse.
    Nature. 1975 Aug 21;256(5519):640-2 PMID: 1152998
  5. Selective silencing of eukaryotic DNA.
    Science. 1975 Aug 8;189(4201):426-33 PMID: 1098145
  6. Gene expression in euploid human hybrid cells: ouabain resistance is codominant.
    Somatic Cell Genet. 1978 Sep;4(5):531-40 PMID: 694727
  7. In search of non-random X inactivation: studies of fetal membranes heterozygous for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
    Am J Hum Genet. 1979 Sep;31(5):581-5 PMID: 507052
  8. Stability of the "two active X" phenotype in triploid somatic cells.
    Cell. 1979 Nov;18(3):637-41 PMID: 229959
  9. DNA methylation in the human gamma delta beta-globin locus in erythroid and nonerythroid tissues.
    Cell. 1980 Apr;19(4):947-58 PMID: 6247075
  10. Sequential X chromosome inactivation coupled with cellular differentiation in early mouse embryos.
    Nature. 1979 Sep 27;281(5729):311-3 PMID: 551278
  11. DNA methylation and gene function.
    Science. 1980 Nov 7;210(4470):604-10 PMID: 6254144
  12. Reactivation of an inactive human X chromosome: evidence for X inactivation by DNA methylation.
    Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):393-6 PMID: 6164095
  13. Preferential paternal X inactivation in extraembryonic tissues of early mouse embryos.
    J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1982 Feb;67:127-35 PMID: 7086330
  14. Derepression with decreased expression of the G6PD locus on the inactive X chromosome in normal human cells.
    Cell. 1982 Jun;29(2):595-600 PMID: 7116451
  15. Replication variants of the human inactive X chromosome. I. Variability within lymphocytes of single individuals.
    Chromosoma. 1982;85(3):405-12 PMID: 7117031
  16. Cell lineage-specific undermethylation of mouse repetitive DNA.
    Nature. 1984 Jan 19-25;307(5948):284-6 PMID: 6694730
  17. Differential methylation of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase genes on active and inactive human X chromosomes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Mar;81(6):1759-63 PMID: 6324214
  18. Methylation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus on the human X chromosome: implications for X-chromosome inactivation.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(9):2806-10 PMID: 6585829
  19. Differences in the DNA of the inactive X chromosomes of fetal and extraembryonic tissues of mice.
    Cell. 1983 May;33(1):37-42 PMID: 6678611
  20. Specific methylation pattern at the 3' end of the human housekeeping gene for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
    EMBO J. 1984 Sep;3(9):1987-95 PMID: 6092050
  21. In vitro growth and chromosome constitution of placental cells. I. Spontaneous and elective abortions.
    Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1985;39(1):1-6 PMID: 3979114
  22. Stability of X chromosomal inactivation in human somatic cells.
    Nature. 1972 Sep 8;239(5367):87-9 PMID: 4562110
Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.82.10.3390
Published
1985-05-00
Pages
3390-4
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC397781
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM0471 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · HD05465 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3390 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2