In vitro anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma.

Treatment of cells with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma greatly reduces their susceptibility to infection with human immunodeficiency virus and suppresses the production of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mRNA, core protein p24, and infectious HIV. The combination treatment is cytotoxic for HIV-infected cells and reduces HIV RNA levels in chronically infected cells.