Effects of oxygen radicals on substrate oxidation by cardiac myocytes.

Freshly isolated adult rat heart cells were used to study the effects of oxygen-free radicals on the myocardial oxidation of different substrates. The calcium-tolerant quiescent cells were incubated with xanthine plus xanthine oxidase as the source of free radicals. The oxidation of exogenous glucose, lactate and octanoate was severely inhibited (approx. 70%) by products of xanthine oxidase activity. Superoxide dismutase plus catalase effectively prevented the inhibition of oxidation. Cellular high energy phosphate levels were decreased in the presence of the oxygen free radical generating system although cell viability determined by Trypan blue exclusion and light microscopic assessment of normal morphology was not affected. These data suggest that oxygen free radicals decrease myocardial substrate oxidation which may contribute to the functional and ultrastructural changes in the myocardium under conditions such as reoxygenation after hypoxia and reperfusion after ischemia.