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- 题目:
- Next-generation sequencing identifies rare variants associated with Noonan syndrome.
- 作者:
- Chen(Peng-Chieh),Yin(Jiani),Yu(Hui-Wen),Yuan(Tao),Fernandez(Minerva),Yung(Christina K),Trinh(Quang M),Peltekova(Vanya D),Reid(Jeffrey G),Tworog-Dube(Erica),Morgan(Margaret B),Muzny(Donna M),Stein(Lincoln),McPherson(John D),Roberts(Amy E),Gibbs(Richard A),Neel(Benjamin G),Kucherlapati(Raju)
- 状态:
- 发布时间2014-08-06 , 更新时间 2016-11-25
- 期刊:
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
- 摘要:
- Noonan syndrome (NS) is a relatively common genetic disorder, characterized by typical facies, short stature, developmental delay, and cardiac abnormalities. Known causative genes account for 70-80% of clinically diagnosed NS patients, but the genetic basis for the remaining 20-30% of cases is unknown. We performed next-generation sequencing on germ-line DNA from 27 NS patients lacking a mutation in the known NS genes. We identified gain-of-function alleles in Ras-like without CAAX 1 (RIT1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1) and previously unseen loss-of-function variants in RAS p21 protein activator 2 (RASA2) that are likely to cause NS in these patients. Expression of the mutant RASA2, MAP2K1, or RIT1 alleles in heterologous cells increased RAS-ERK pathway activation, supporting a causative role in NS pathogenesis. Two patients had more than one disease-associated variant. Moreover, the diagnosis of an individual initially thought to have NS was revised to neurofibromatosis type 1 based on an NF1 nonsense mutation detected in this patient. Another patient harbored a missense mutation in NF1 that resulted in decreased protein stability and impaired ability to suppress RAS-ERK activation; however, this patient continues to exhibit a NS-like phenotype. In addition, a nonsense mutation in RPS6KA3 was found in one patient initially diagnosed with NS whose diagnosis was later revised to Coffin-Lowry syndrome. Finally, we identified other potential candidates for new NS genes, as well as potential carrier alleles for unrelated syndromes. Taken together, our data suggest that next-generation sequencing can provide a useful adjunct to RASopathy diagnosis and emphasize that the standard clinical categories for RASopathies might not be adequate to describe all patients.
- 语言:
- eng
- DOI:
DataTable pData
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