'Northern Cross' hybridization for rapid identification of exon-containing restriction fragments.

The Northern Cross method allows direct comparison of restriction digests of cDNA and genomic clones to RNA populations by a specialized form of hybridization. This technique is based on the use of Northern and Southern blotting techniques and requires the use of two nylon membranes of differing chemical characteristics. A nylon membrane containing permanently affixed, electrophoretically fractionated RNAs is contact-hybridized at a right angle to a second, chemically different nylon membrane containing transiently bound, fractionated labeled DNA fragments. RNA and DNA bands possessing homology will hybridize where they cross, forming an autoradiographically detectable spot. This Northern Cross procedure proportionately represents the amounts of different RNAs derived from a particular sequence in a manner similar to what would have been observed in a Northern blot. This method, which can be used in the analysis of even relatively rare RNA species, permits rapid and fairly inexpensive identification of exon-containing fragments or determination of the relationship between related, multiple RNA species.