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PMID: 22370744 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Genome change in wheat observed through the structure and expression of α/β-gliadin genes.

Functional & integrative genomics ·Vol. 12 ·No. 2 ·2012-06-00 ·Pages 341-55

Kawaura K, Wu J, Matsumoto T, Kanamori H, Katagiri S, Ogihara Y

Abstract

To better understand genome structure and the expression of α/β-gliadin multigenes in hexaploid wheat, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones containing α/β-gliadin genes from the three loci, Gli-A2, Gli-B2, and Gli-D2, were screened. Based on their restriction fragment patterns, we selected five BAC clones, namely, two clones for Gli-A2, two clones for Gli-B2, and one clone for Gli-D2, to fully sequence. Approximately 200 kb was sequenced for each locus. In total, twelve α/β-gliadin intact genes and four pseudogenes were found, and retrotransposons or other transposons existed in each BAC clone. Dot-plot analysis revealed the pattern of genome segmental duplication within each BAC. We calculated time since duplication of each set of α/β-gliadin genes and insertion of retrotransposons. Duplication of all adjacent genes within the same BAC clone took place before or after allotetrapolyploidization, but duplication of certain genes occurred before diploid differentiation of wheat species. Retrotransposons were also inserted before and after the segmental duplication events. Furthermore, translocation of α/β-gliadin genes from chromosomes 1 to 6 apparently occurred before the diversification of various wheat genomes. Duplication of genome segments containing α/β-gliadin genes and retrotransposons were brought about through unequal crossing-over or saltatory replication and α/β-gliadin genes per se were duplicated without any recombination events. Out of twelve intact α/β-gliadin genes detected from their sequences, nine were expressed, although their patterns of expression were distinct. Since they have similar cis-elements and promoter structures, the mechanisms underlying their distinct gene expression and possible applications are discussed.

MeSH Terms
Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial/genetics Cloning, Molecular Contig Mapping DNA Transposable Elements Evolution, Molecular Gene Duplication Gene Expression Genetic Loci Genome, Plant Gliadin/genetics,metabolism Molecular Sequence Annotation Molecular Sequence Data Mutagenesis, Insertional Phylogeny Sequence Analysis, DNA Terminal Repeat Sequences/genetics Triticum/genetics
Chemicals
DNA Transposable Elements Gliadin
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kawaura K
Kihara Institute for Biological Research and Department of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Maioka-cho 641-12, Yokohama 244-0813, Japan. kawaura@yokohama-cu.ac.jp
Wu J
Matsumoto T
Kanamori H
Katagiri S
Ogihara Y
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Article Info
Journal
Functional & integrative genomics
Abbr.
Funct Integr Genomics
ISSN
1438-7948
DOI
10.1007/s10142-012-0269-0
Email
kawaura@yokohama-cu.ac.jp
Published
2012-06-00
Epub
2012-00-28
Pages
341-55
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
100939343
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
AP012286, AP012287, AP012288, AP012289, AP012290
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s10142-012-0269-0 View journal details
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