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PMID: 22049306 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

What has the study of the K3 and K5 viral ubiquitin E3 ligases taught us about ubiquitin-mediated receptor regulation?

Viruses ·Vol. 3 ·No. 2 ·2011-02-00 ·Pages 118-31

Boname JM, Lehner PJ

Abstract

Cells communicate with each other and the outside world through surface receptors, which need to be tightly regulated to prevent both overstimulation and receptor desensitization. Understanding the processes involved in the homeostatic control of cell surface receptors is essential, but we are not alone in trying to regulate these receptors. Viruses, as the ultimate host pathogens, have co-evolved over millions of years and have both pirated and adapted host genes to enable viral pathogenesis. K3 and K5 (also known as MIR1 and MIR2) are viral ubiquitin E3 ligases from Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) which decrease expression of a number of cell surface receptors and have been used to interrogate cellular processes and improve our understanding of ubiquitin-mediated receptor endocytosis and degradation. In this review, we summarize what has been learned from the study of these viral genes and emphasize their role in elucidating the complexity of ubiquitin in receptor regulation.

Keywords
E2 conjugating enzyme ubiquitin K3 K5 Membrane Associated RING-CH (MARCH) endocytosis lysine11 lysine63 viral E3 ligase
MeSH Terms
Endocytosis/physiology Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics,metabolism Humans Immediate-Early Proteins/genetics,metabolism Lysine/chemistry,metabolism Major Histocompatibility Complex/physiology Protein Binding/physiology Sarcoma, Kaposi/enzymology Ubiquitin/genetics,metabolism Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
Immediate-Early Proteins K5 protein, Human herpesvirus 8 Ubiquitin MARCHF1 protein, human MIR1 E3 ubiquitin ligase, KSHV Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases Lysine
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Boname Jessica M
School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK. jmb77@cam.ac.uk
Lehner Paul J
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Article Info
Journal
Viruses
Abbr.
Viruses
ISSN
1999-4915
DOI
10.3390/v3020118
Email
jmb77@cam.ac.uk
Published
2011-02-00
Epub
2011-00-28
Pages
118-31
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
101509722
PMCID
PMC3206601
Subset
IM
Grants
Wellcome Trust · 084957 · United Kingdom
Wellcome Trust · 091181 · United Kingdom
Medical Research Council · G0600823 · United Kingdom
Medical Research Council · G9800943 · United Kingdom
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.3390/v3020118 PMC Full Text View journal details
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