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PMID: 22002165 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Viral subversion of the host protein synthesis machinery.

Nature reviews. Microbiology ·Vol. 9 ·No. 12 ·2011-10-17 ·Pages 860-75

Walsh D, Mohr I

Abstract

Viruses are fully reliant on the translation machinery of their host cells to produce the polypeptides that are essential for viral replication. Consequently, viruses recruit host ribosomes to translate viral mRNAs, typically using virally encoded functions to seize control of cellular translation factors and the host signalling pathways that regulate their activity. This not only ensures that viral proteins will be produced, but also stifles innate host defences that are aimed at inhibiting the capacity of infected cells for protein synthesis. Remarkably, nearly every step of the translation process can be targeted by virally encoded functions. This Review discusses the diverse strategies that viruses use to subvert host protein synthesis functions and regulate mRNA translation in infected cells.

MeSH Terms
Animals Eukaryotic Cells/virology Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans MicroRNAs/genetics Protein Biosynthesis/genetics RNA, Messenger/genetics,metabolism RNA, Viral/genetics,metabolism Ribosomes/genetics,metabolism Signal Transduction Viral Proteins/genetics,metabolism Virus Physiological Phenomena Virus Replication/genetics Viruses/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
MicroRNAs RNA, Messenger RNA, Viral Viral Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Walsh Derek
National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Mohr Ian
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Article Info
Journal
Nature reviews. Microbiology
Abbr.
Nat Rev Microbiol
ISSN
1740-1534
DOI
10.1038/nrmicro2655
Published
2011-10-17
Epub
2011-00-17
Pages
860-75
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
101190261
PMCID
PMC7097311
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · R01 AI073898 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM056927 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2655 PMC Full Text View journal details
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